Ethnic Conflict and Cultural Assimilation Quiz

The symbolic day marking the beginning of the Cambodian genocide, where the Khmer Rouge declared their plan to rebuild Cambodian society by erasing its past.

Elites, urban residents, and professionals deemed enemies of the Khmer Rouge revolution.

Peasants, rural folk, and farmers favored by the Khmer Rouge.

The name given to Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge rule, signifying a new political entity.

A devastating famine aimed at destroying groups through starvation, similar to the Holodomor in the Soviet Union.

The president of Bosnia during the Yugoslav Wars, representing the Bosnian Muslim community.

The Yugoslav president, later serving as the Serbian president, known for his role in the Yugoslav Wars.

The Bosnian Serb military commander, responsible for atrocities during the Yugoslav Wars.

The Bosnian Serb political leader, closely associated with the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs during the Yugoslav Wars.

The Croatian president during the Yugoslav Wars, representing the Croatian side in the conflict.

Hutu-led political party in Rwanda, largest opposition party during the 1990s.

A small group of Hutu elite with close ties to the president, wielding significant power and influence in Rwanda.

The 1994 Rwandan genocide was a planned and coordinated act of mass murder, as concluded by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR).

The assassination of Rwandan President Habyarimana on April 6, 1994, marked a turning point, leading to the Rwandan genocide.

The Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), led by Tutsis, invaded Rwanda from Uganda in 1990, marking the start of the Rwandan Civil War.

The Arusha Accords, a peace agreement between the Rwandan Patriotic Front and the Rwandan government, aimed to end the Rwandan Civil War.

The belief that the Tutsi ethnicity was superior to the Hutu, based on racist European theories of racial hierarchy.

The extermination of a country's own citizens by its people or government, often motivated by political or ideological reasons.

The Cambodian Communist party, also known as the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, responsible for the Cambodian genocide.

A prison run by the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, known for its horrific torture and killing methods.

The European settlers forcibly displaced Indigenous peoples through violence and manipulation, gradually pushing them from their lands.

Treaties between Europeans and Indigenous groups were often broken, disregarded, or exploited by Europeans to benefit their own interests. This violated the agreements and further harmed Indigenous populations.

The Indian Removal Act of 1830, signed by President Andrew Jackson, aimed to relocate Indigenous tribes from their ancestral lands in the Southeastern U.S. to territories west of the Mississippi River. This act was intended to clear land for white settlers and expand agricultural development.

These schools, established starting in the 1810s, were meant to force Indigenous children into European culture. They banned native languages, altered appearances, and enforced European customs. Many children faced abuse and tragically died from preventable diseases.

The belief that the only way to save Indigenous cultures was to force them to abandon their traditions and adopt Western ways, leading to the destruction of Indigenous identity and forced assimilation.

A form of ethnic nationalism and political exclusion aimed at the Northerns and Muslims in Cote d'Ivoire.

The practice of politicians providing goods or services to individuals in exchange for their political support.

The rise of multiple political parties in the 1990s contributed to the division of Cote d'Ivoire between the north and south.

The decline in commodity prices, fiscal crises, and the rise of multi-party politics contributed to political instability in Cote d'Ivoire.

In Cote d'Ivoire, the South viewed immigrants and northerners negatively and blamed them for economic problems. This led to violent conflict, but did not result in genocide.

In Cote d'Ivoire, there were multiple risk factors for genocide including: ethnic tensions, history of violence, and hate media.

A conflict between Bosnian Muslims and Serbs in Bosnia during the 1990s, primarily stemming from the declaration of an independent Serb state, "Republika Srpska."

The systematic expulsion of Bosnian Muslims from their homes and territories by Bosnian Serbs, primarily during the Bosnian War.

The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, established to bring justice for crimes committed during the wars in the former Yugoslavia, including those in Bosnia, such as genocide and crimes against humanity.

A strategic site in Bosnia, particularly known for being besieged during the Bosnian War, where it was designated a safe area by the UN. However, the siege continued, leading to violence and civilian casualties.

A name referring to a battle from 1938 that holds symbolic meaning within Serbian nationalism, representing a moment of defeat and victimization for Serbs, often used as a narrative of Serbian suffering.

A term for Serbian nationalists, particularly during World War II, who fought against the Nazi regime.

A Croatian fascist party that existed during World War II, notorious for their role in the persecution and mass killing of Serbs

A period in which Indigenous peoples of California experienced significant loss of life due to contagious diseases introduced by European colonists (Portuguese, British, French, American settlers). This time period also saw displacement and dispossession of Indigenous populations.

The forced relocation of the Cherokee Nation from their ancestral lands in the Southeast to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma) in the 1830s, resulting in the deaths of thousands due to disease, starvation, and harsh conditions.

A massacre of Cheyenne and Arapaho Native Americans by U.S. Army forces in 1864, which led to the deaths of an estimated 150-500 people, mostly women and children.

The systematic extermination of the Yuki people in Northern California during the California Gold Rush. Settlers attacked, killed, kidnapped, and starved the Indigenous population, leading to a significant decline in their numbers.

The transfer of European diseases to Native American populations, often with devastating consequences, as Indigenous populations had no prior exposure and lacked immunity to these new pathogens.

The use of firearms and cannons by European colonizers gave them a technological advantage over Indigenous populations, who lacked such weaponry, contributing to their success in conquest.

The deliberate division of Indigenous communities and the exploitation of existing rivalries by European colonizers, weakening Native resistance and facilitating conquest.

The use of narratives and propaganda by European colonizers to justify their conquest and portray Indigenous people as inferior or barbaric, often overlooking their own violence and exploitation.

The period from the 16th to the 18th centuries, marked by European colonization of North America, particularly in New England, the Mississippi Valley, and the Southeast.