Ethics Reviewer for Midterms: Chapters 1 and 2

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According to Aristotle, what enables individuals to discern the mean and make morally sound decisions?

Philosophical knowledge

Contemplation as intellectual activity

Practical wisdom (correct)

Formation of virtue

Which of the following is NOT one of the examples of passions that Aristotle considers difficult to control?

Sexual urges

Recognition

Desire for wealth

Desire for power (correct)

What is the relationship between the appetitive and the rational element in the soul, according to Aristotle?

The appetitive and the rational element are completely independent

The appetitive is completely separate from the rational element

The appetitive can reason on its own

The appetitive cannot reason itself, but it can be influenced by the rational element (correct)

What is the key difference between philosophical knowledge and practical wisdom, according to Aristotle's ethical framework?

Philosophical knowledge involves the contemplation of universal truths, while practical wisdom guides moral decision-making Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between natural law and eternal law, according to Thomas Aquinas's virtue ethics?

Natural law is derived from eternal law, which reflects theological underpinnings Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pursuit of eudaimonia, or human flourishing, in Aristotle's ethical framework?

Eudaimonia is the ultimate goal in Aristotle's ethical framework Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes rational creatures according to Aquinas?

Possession of rationality and freedom Signup and view all the answers

According to Aquinas, what is the foundation of reality?

God as the author/source and goal of all reality Signup and view all the answers

What role does Eternal Law play in Aquinas's ethics?

Governs the order of reality Signup and view all the answers

In Aquinas's ethics, what is the importance of conscience in ethical action?

Serves as a personal moral guide Signup and view all the answers

How does Natural Law reflect divine will according to Aquinas?

Human freedom reflects divine will through adherence to natural law Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of education in forming an individual's conscience according to Aquinas?

Crucial for its formation and rectification Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle, what is the ultimate goal of human life?

Eudaimonia (happiness) Signup and view all the answers

What does Aristotle emphasize as the means to achieve ethical living?

Habitual practice of virtuous behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the soul is responsible for logical thinking and moral deliberation, according to Aristotle?

The Rational Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes Aristotle's view on the pursuit of happiness?

Happiness is a lifelong pursuit through constant striving and decision-making Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle, what is the role of the Speculative part of the rational soul?

Concerned with pure thought and contemplation Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the soul is responsible for involuntary bodily functions like breathing and digestion?

The Vegetative Signup and view all the answers