Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of consequentialism in ethical decision making?
What is the main focus of consequentialism in ethical decision making?
- The distribution of resources
- The rights of individuals
- The consequences of actions (correct)
- The intentions behind actions
Utilitarianism prioritizes the benefits to the individual over the collective.
Utilitarianism prioritizes the benefits to the individual over the collective.
False (B)
What ethical theory is a sub-category of consequentialism?
What ethical theory is a sub-category of consequentialism?
Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism is criticized for diminishing the importance of __________.
Utilitarianism is criticized for diminishing the importance of __________.
Match the following ethical theories with their key principles:
Match the following ethical theories with their key principles:
In the case study, what did Joshua refuse to take?
In the case study, what did Joshua refuse to take?
The principle of triage is based on treating patients in the order they arrive.
The principle of triage is based on treating patients in the order they arrive.
What dilemma does nurse Rejoice face in the case study?
What dilemma does nurse Rejoice face in the case study?
What does deontology primarily focus on in ethical situations?
What does deontology primarily focus on in ethical situations?
In deontology, the principle of beneficence plays a significant role.
In deontology, the principle of beneficence plays a significant role.
What is the difference between act deontology and rule deontology?
What is the difference between act deontology and rule deontology?
In deontology, nurse duties must be performed in accordance with ___ principles.
In deontology, nurse duties must be performed in accordance with ___ principles.
In the case study with Nurse Tito, which type of deontology is applicable when she decides to inform her patients?
In the case study with Nurse Tito, which type of deontology is applicable when she decides to inform her patients?
Confidentiality should always be upheld by the nurse, regardless of the consequences to others.
Confidentiality should always be upheld by the nurse, regardless of the consequences to others.
Match the deontological concepts with their definitions:
Match the deontological concepts with their definitions:
In the context of the HIV/AIDS patient, what is the ethical dilemma regarding his confidentiality?
In the context of the HIV/AIDS patient, what is the ethical dilemma regarding his confidentiality?
Flashcards
Ethics
Ethics
Moral philosophy determining right from wrong, guiding behavior.
Consequentialism
Consequentialism
Actions judged by their outcomes; consequences determine right and wrong.
Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism
Promoting the greatest good for the most people, balancing benefits over detriments.
Deontology
Deontology
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Act Deontology
Act Deontology
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Rule Deontology
Rule Deontology
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Virtue Ethics
Virtue Ethics
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Ethical Dilemma
Ethical Dilemma
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Study Notes
Ethical Theories in Nursing
- Ethics is a moral philosophy guiding behavior, distinguishing good from bad.
- Adherence to ethical principles is crucial in nursing care; theories provide frameworks for moral reasoning and action justification.
Types of Ethical Theories
Consequentialism
- Actions are judged based on their outcomes.
- Rights and wrongs are determined by the consequences of actions.
Utilitarianism
- Focuses on promoting the greatest good for the most people.
- Decisions are evaluated based on the balance of benefits over detriments.
- Example: Triage in emergencies prioritizes treatment by severity, not by a first-come basis.
- Truth-telling may be neglected if it doesn't maximize overall benefit.
- Criticism: May undermine individual rights and personal integrity.
Deontology
- Centers on rights and principles; conducts judged by moral duty.
- Autonomy may not always be prioritized; conflicts may arise when considering personal versus societal duties.
- Two subcategories:
- Act Deontology: Decision-making based on collected relevant data; applicable uniformly in similar situations.
- Rule Deontology: Actions guided by established principles, maintained even with changing circumstances.
- Nursing principles include respect for life, privacy, compassion, and human dignity.
Case Studies and Ethical Dilemmas
Case Study: Joshua
- Joshua, diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, refuses ART and discloses his status to Nurse Rejoice, requesting confidentiality.
- Dilemma: Balancing confidentiality with the ethical obligation to inform his parents and protect their health.
Case Study 1: Nurse Tito
- Nurse Tito informs patients Mr. Shipo and Mr. Lewis about their cancer diagnoses.
- Mr. Shipo accepts his diagnosis; Mr. Lewis struggles to believe, which adversely affects his health.
- Questions:
- Identify applicable deontology type.
- Consider alternative approaches Nurse Tito could take.
Case Study 2: Nurse Anna
- A patient refuses to disclose his HIV status to his wife. He also declines using condoms despite the risk to her health.
- Questions:
- Should Nurse Anna maintain patient confidentiality?
- Assess the conflict between the man’s right and his wife's right to life.
- Evaluate whether Nurse Anna is obligated to inform the wife.
- Consider alternative actions in this scenario.
Virtue Ethics
- Virtue ethics emphasizes character traits and moral virtues of the individual rather than rules or consequences.
- Focuses on the kind of person one should be and how ethical behavior reflects personal integrity.
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