Health Care Ethics: Ethical Theories and Principles

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What is the primary focus of Deontological ethical theory?

The greatest good for the greatest number

The consequences of an action

The agent's character and intentions

The inherent rightness of an action (correct)

Which ethical theory is associated with the idea that actions are right if they achieve the greatest good for the greatest number?

Deontology

Consequentialism (correct)

Naturalism

Virtue-based ethics

Who is associated with the philosophical theory of Divine Command?

No specific philosopher is associated with this theory (correct)

Jeremy Bentham

Aristotle

Immanuel Kant

What is the main distinction between Action Ethics and Agent Ethics?

The emphasis on individual character versus action (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a basic ethical theory?

Emotivism (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with the concept of Naturalism in ethics?

Aristotle (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the case of a minor patient, who must give consent for a medical or surgical procedure?

The parents or legal guardian (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal term for the process of delegating the right to consent to medical treatment to another person?

Proxy consent (B) Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can a patient's right to privacy be waived?

When the patient waives this right in writing (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a court order in relation to informed consent?

To give consent on behalf of a minor or incapacitated patient (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for ensuring patient privacy?

To protect the patient's medical information (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what situation might a court order a patient to undergo a physical or mental examination?

When the patient's medical condition is in controversy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary right of a patient regarding their medical information?

To demand confidentiality of their information (B) Signup and view all the answers

In which situation can a healthcare provider disclose a patient's confidential information?

To benefit public health and safety (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is required for a patient to waive confidentiality of their medical information?

Written consent (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who can be informed of a patient's medical condition without their consent?

A spouse or first-degree relative (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a valid reason for disclosing a patient's confidential information to a third party?

Upon the order of a competent court (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a situation where confidentiality can be compromised for a patient's benefit?

For continued medical treatment or advancement of medical science (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of legitimate cooperation in the context of bioethics?

Every cooperation that directly influences the evil intention is always illicit. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is formal cooperation in the context of bioethics?

Cooperating in an evil act with the intention of approving the mode of action. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between material and formal cooperation?

Material cooperation is licit, while formal cooperation is illicit. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When is material cooperation considered licit?

When it is accidental or non-essential to the evil action. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the general rule for cooperation in an evil act?

One must never cooperate in an evil act. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of formal cooperation in the context of bioethics?

It is always illicit and unethical. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle behind a moral agent's deliberate actions?

Acting for some reason or goal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Principle of Moral Discernment?

To determine the moral quality of an act (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a well-formed conscience characterized by?

Incorporating knowledge into daily life and taking responsibility for actions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of bioethics in healthcare?

Human Sexuality and its Moral Evaluation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important ethical issue related to technology in healthcare?

Data Protection and Security (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect of the Principle of Well-Formed Conscience?

Recognizes the moral quality of an act (B) Signup and view all the answers