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Ethics: Consequentialism, Utilitarianism, and Deontology

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Ethics: Consequentialism, Utilitarianism, and Deontology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary principle of consequentialism?

Prioritize individual interests over collective well-being

Follow moral rules and norms

Act in a way to bring about the best consequences (correct)

Make decisions based on personal preferences

Which type of utilitarianism focuses on the satisfaction of individual preferences?

Rule utilitarianism

Act utilitarianism

Hedonistic utilitarianism

Preference utilitarianism (correct)

What is the key difference between act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism?

Act utilitarianism prioritizes pleasure, while rule utilitarianism prioritizes pain

Act utilitarianism considers individual actions, while rule utilitarianism considers general rules (correct)

Act utilitarianism focuses on individual well-being, while rule utilitarianism focuses on collective well-being

Act utilitarianism is a type of deontology, while rule utilitarianism is a type of consequentialism

What is the significance of the trolley problem in the context of deontology?

It highlights the difficulty of making moral decisions in difficult cases Signup and view all the answers

What is the argument in favor of consequentialism based on the idea that everyone's well-being matters equally?

Impartiality Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher supported women's suffrage and animal rights, respectively?

J.S. Mill and Bentham Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between rule utilitarianism and deontology?

Deontology places constraints on actions regardless of utility and wellbeing Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of patient-centered deontological theories?

Each person's interest cannot be sacrificed for any reason Signup and view all the answers

According to deontology, what is a key aspect of autonomy?

The freedom to determine one's own ends and goals Signup and view all the answers

What do some deontologists believe is required for justice?

Punishing those who do bad things and rewarding those who do good Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction that deontology makes, which utilitarianism cannot?

Between strategic bombing and terror bombing Signup and view all the answers

What does Christine Korsgaard's quote 'Not having your own life is worse than death' suggest about autonomy?

Autonomy is necessary for a fulfilling life Signup and view all the answers