Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary principle of utilitarianism?
What is the primary principle of utilitarianism?
- Actions are right if they adhere to rules or duties.
- The rightness of an action is determined by its consequences.
- Actions are right if they promote the greatest overall utility. (correct)
- Pleasure is the highest good.
In the context of consequentialism, what primarily determines the rightness of an action?
In the context of consequentialism, what primarily determines the rightness of an action?
- The value of its consequences compared to other actions. (correct)
- The adherence to societal norms.
- Alignment with moral duties.
- Whether it provides immediate benefits.
Which question is NOT typically associated with utilitarian reasoning in environmental issues?
Which question is NOT typically associated with utilitarian reasoning in environmental issues?
- What overall good does the action accomplish?
- What is the cultural significance of the action? (correct)
- What is the environmental impact?
- Who benefits from the action?
What ethical framework evaluates actions based on maximizing happiness?
What ethical framework evaluates actions based on maximizing happiness?
Which philosopher is associated with the founding of utilitarianism?
Which philosopher is associated with the founding of utilitarianism?
What is an example of a situation that involves consequentialism?
What is an example of a situation that involves consequentialism?
Which of the following is a characteristic of absolutism?
Which of the following is a characteristic of absolutism?
What aspect does hedonism primarily focus on in moral reasoning?
What aspect does hedonism primarily focus on in moral reasoning?
What does moral absolutism assert about certain kinds of actions?
What does moral absolutism assert about certain kinds of actions?
Which of the following actions would most likely be condemned by an absolutist perspective?
Which of the following actions would most likely be condemned by an absolutist perspective?
According to hedonism, what is deemed the only intrinsic good?
According to hedonism, what is deemed the only intrinsic good?
What is an example of a hedonistic decision?
What is an example of a hedonistic decision?
What is one of the main criticisms of absolutism in moral reasoning?
What is one of the main criticisms of absolutism in moral reasoning?
Which of the following actions is NOT associated with hedonism?
Which of the following actions is NOT associated with hedonism?
In moral dilemmas, what is often essential for decision-making?
In moral dilemmas, what is often essential for decision-making?
Which of the following statements best describes moral dilemmas?
Which of the following statements best describes moral dilemmas?
Study Notes
Utilitarianism
- Founded by English philosopher Jeremy Bentham
- Defined as a moral theory that judges actions based on their overall utility, maximizing happiness for the greatest number of people.
- Example: Cutting down trees for paper. Considering the benefits to those who gain paper vs. the negative impact on the environment.
Consequentialism
- A theory that judges the rightness of an action based on the value of its consequences compared to other possible actions.
- Example: Freeriding – choosing between attending a group meeting or finishing your own assignments.
Absolutism
- A theory that states certain actions are inherently wrong regardless of the consequences.
- Examples include: Stealing, suicide, shoplifting, and terrorist attacks.
- Consumption example: Exploitation of laborers in the fashion industry, including child labor, long hours, poor conditions, and sexual harassment.
Hedonism
- A philosophy that proposes pleasure as the ultimate good and pain as the ultimate evil.
- Example: Choosing to go to a barbecue party with friends over attending class.
Case Studies in Moral Dilemmas
- Watch the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzmNoFnxu68 (Would You Rather: 6 Hardest Moral Dilemmas Ever, 11’21”)
- Identify the moral framework(s) used to solve the six dilemmas.
Case Study In Everyday Consumption
- Watch a video and discuss in groups:
- Identify the moral dilemmas presented in the video.
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Description
Explore the foundational theories of ethics including Utilitarianism, Consequentialism, Absolutism, and Hedonism. This quiz will test your understanding of each theory's principles and examples. Dive into how these ethical frameworks evaluate actions and their consequences.
