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Questions and Answers
Which theory emphasizes rationality and neglects outcomes?
Which theory focuses on fairness, impartiality, and social safety nets?
Which theory includes the original position and the veil of ignorance?
Which theory may accept more inequality than justifiable and lacks incentive?
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Which theory emphasizes individual autonomy and rationality?
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Which theory addresses social and economic inequalities, including the difference principle and fair equality of opportunity?
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Which theory in normative ethics focuses on promoting happiness and pleasure as the basis for determining right and wrong?
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According to Kant's deontology, what is a key aspect of determining the morality of an action?
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Which ethical theory prioritizes the concept of duty and moral obligation?
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What is the central rule in Kant's deontological theory?
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Which ethical theory places importance on the character and virtues of the moral agent?
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What distinguishes deontology from consequentialist theories like utilitarianism?
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According to Aristotle's virtue ethics, what is the ultimate goal of human life?
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What is the focus of Aristotle's virtue ethics?
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What are virtues in the context of virtue ethics?
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What does the 'Golden Mean' represent in Aristotle's virtue ethics?
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What is a potential criticism of virtue ethics regarding moral decision-making?
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What is the central focus of virtue ethics in ethical decision-making?
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What does Aristotle's virtue ethics emphasize in terms of personal wellbeing?
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What distinguishes virtue ethics from other ethical theories?
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According to normative ethics, what is the focus of figuring out the rules of right and wrong?
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According to utilitarianism in normative ethics, when is an action considered right?
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What is the key focus of Kant's deontology in normative ethics?
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What distinguishes Kant's theory in normative ethics from utilitarianism?
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What is the Categorical Imperative in Kant's theory in normative ethics?
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What is the main focus of deontology in normative ethics?
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According to Aristotle's virtue ethics, what is the ultimate goal of human life?
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What is the focus of virtue ethics according to Aristotle?
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According to virtue ethics, how are virtues developed?
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What did Aristotle propose as the desirable middle ground between two extremes of a trait?
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What is a potential con of virtue ethics mentioned in the text?
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What does Aristotle's virtue ethics place importance on?
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What does virtue ethics focus on in ethical decision-making?
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What is the aim of achieving 'eudaimonia' according to Aristotle?
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Study Notes
Ethics and Justice Theories
- Kant's theory includes the human rule, universality rule, hypothetical imperative, and categorical imperative
- Pros of Kant's theory include moral clarity, universalizability, respect for individuals, rational basis for ethics, and emphasis on intentions
- Cons of Kant's theory include rigidity, neglect of outcomes, difficult application, lack of emotion and compassion, and overemphasis on autonomy
- Rawls' justice theory involves the original position and the veil of ignorance, and two principles of justice
- First principle of Rawls' theory is equal rights, including freedom of speech and personal property
- Second principle of Rawls' theory addresses social and economic inequalities, including the difference principle and fair equality of opportunity
- Pros of Rawls' theory include fairness, impartiality, human rights, social safety nets, and democratic values
- Cons of Rawls' theory include feasibility, inequality acceptance, lack of incentive, and cultural variability
- Kant's theory emphasizes rationality, while Rawls' theory focuses on fairness and impartiality
- Kant's theory can be rigid and overlooks outcomes, while Rawls' theory may be impractical and accept more inequality than justifiable
- Both theories have pros and cons, with Kant's theory emphasizing individual autonomy and rationality, and Rawls' theory focusing on fairness and impartiality
- Critics argue that both theories have practical challenges and may not account for cultural variations in defining and implementing justice.
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Description
Test your knowledge of ethics and justice theories with this insightful quiz. Explore the key principles and critiques of Kant's theory, including the categorical imperative, and Rawls' justice theory, encompassing the original position and the veil of ignorance. Delve into the pros and cons of each theory, from moral clarity and fairness to rigidity and inequality acceptance. Gain a deeper understanding of how these theories approach rationality, fairness, and the challenges they may face in practical application.
