Ethics and Citizenship in Liberal Thought

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Questions and Answers

What characteristic is essential for a government to exhibit a degree of fiscal independence?

The ability to raise revenue (correct)

The capacity to raise morale among citizens

The power to appoint judges

The establishment of a single party system

How are the responsibilities and powers of each level of government typically defined in a federal system?

Through historical treaties

In a codified or written constitution (correct)

By regional agreements alone

Via an unwritten set of guidelines

What is the role of the supreme court in a federal system?

To arbitrate disputes between federal and state levels (correct)

To oversee the financial transactions of the state

To ensure local governments follow executive orders

To create laws for both federal and state governments

What type of legislature is commonly used to enhance cooperation between federal and state levels of government?

A bicameral legislature Signup and view all the answers

In a unitary system, how is sovereign power typically distributed?

Exclusively within a single national institution Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk associated with a unitary system of government?

Unchecked centralization of authority Signup and view all the answers

What ensures that neither level of government can amend the constitution unilaterally in a federal system?

Formal legal frameworks and provisions Signup and view all the answers

What allows the judiciary to influence federalism in practice?

The interpretation of formal constitutional provisions Signup and view all the answers

What process allows individuals to acquire citizenship upon the conquest or cession of territory?

Citizenship by political case Signup and view all the answers

According to the 1930 Ethiopian nationality law, who is considered an Ethiopian citizen by descent?

Any person born to an Ethiopian parent or parents Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of Jus Soli mean in the context of Ethiopian citizenship?

Citizenship based on birthplace Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way aliens can acquire Ethiopian citizenship?

By naturalization Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ethiopian Nationality Proclamation NO. 378/2003 state about abandoned infants?

They are assumed to be born to Ethiopian parents unless proven otherwise Signup and view all the answers

Which article of the 1995 FDRE constitution discusses the acquisition of citizenship for persons with Ethiopian parents?

Article 6 Signup and view all the answers

What requirement is NOT needed to gain Ethiopian citizenship according to the nationality proclamation?

Being born in Ethiopia Signup and view all the answers

Under the 2003 nationality proclamation, how many principles govern the acquisition of citizenship by descent?

Two principles Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'ethics' primarily refer to?

The science of human conduct regarding rightness or wrongness Signup and view all the answers

How does ethics differ from positive science?

Ethics focuses on judgments of value instead of facts Signup and view all the answers

What is the Latin origin of the term 'morality'?

Moralitas Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the concept of morality?

It involves the generally accepted code of conduct within a society Signup and view all the answers

In what context is the term 'ethics' commonly associated?

Professional conduct and codes of practice Signup and view all the answers

What role do norms play in normative ethics?

They help judge actions as right or wrong Signup and view all the answers

Which term is closely related to the subjective judgment of individual choices regarding values?

Morality Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does ethics scrutinize more than any other field?

Rights and wrongs of human actions Signup and view all the answers

What cannot dissolve a legislature in a presidential system?

Fixed tenure Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best defines a citizen?

A legally recognized member of a political community with rights and responsibilities Signup and view all the answers

According to liberal theory, what is the primary focus of political inquiry?

Individual citizens and their rights Signup and view all the answers

How do advocates of liberalism view the individual citizen's role in society?

As an active agent rationally pursuing their own interests Signup and view all the answers

What core belief does Locke attribute to human individuals in civil society?

The importance of recognizing both self and others' interests Signup and view all the answers

In liberal thought, what happens when individuals no longer value existing cultural practices?

The community loses its right to enforce those practices Signup and view all the answers

What do proponents of liberalism believe about the relationship between individuals and the community?

The community exists primarily to serve individual well-being Signup and view all the answers

Which assumption is central to liberalism regarding individual behavior?

Rational action is essential for pursuing interests Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a reason a republican State could collapse?

Excessive wealth in the government Signup and view all the answers

Which principle refers to acquiring citizenship because one is born within a country's territory?

Jus Soli Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sub-principle of acquiring citizenship by naturalization?

Civic virtue Signup and view all the answers

What quality must republican citizens possess for self-government?

Active participation in governance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the importance of constitutional safeguards?

They help resist temptation but need citizen virtue. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately reflects the concept of citizenship by birth?

By birth in the nation's territory or through parentage Signup and view all the answers

What does civic virtue require from citizens in a republican State?

Commitment to the common good Signup and view all the answers

Which situation does NOT align with the naturalization process?

Citizenship granted based on birth location Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ethics and Morality

Ethics is derived from the Greek word ethos meaning character and the Latin mores meaning customs.
Ethics is the science of conduct, studying right or wrong in human behavior.
Morality comes from the Latin word moralitas meaning manner, character, and proper behavior. It refers to the concept of right and wrong, often used interchangeably with ethics.
Morality often reflects the accepted code of conduct within a society or sub-group.

Citizenship

A citizen is legally recognized as a member of a political community, with rights and responsibilities.

Citizenship in Liberal Thought

Liberal theory emphasizes individual liberty and rights.
The individual is considered the primary political unit and focus of political inquiry.
Individuals are free to choose their own conception of the good life.
Citizens are expected to act rationally and according to the laws of the state.
The community serves the well-being of its individuals.

Modes of Acquiring Citizenship

Citizenship by Birth:
- Jus Soli (law of soil): Citizenship is granted to those born in the territory of a country.
- Jus Sanguinis (law of blood): Citizenship is acquired through the citizenship of one's parents.
Citizenship by Naturalization/Law:
- Political cases: Citizenship is granted following conquest or cession of a territory.
- Application: Citizenship is granted through a legal application process.
- Marriage: Citizenship can be acquired through marriage to a citizen.
- Legitimization/Adoption: Citizenship can be acquired through legitimization or adoption by a citizen.
- Reintegration/Restoration: Citizenship can be restored to those who previously lost it.

Ethiopian Citizenship

The 1930 Ethiopian Nationality Law (Proclamation No. 378/2003) outlines how to acquire Ethiopian citizenship.
Acquisition by Descent:
- A person is an Ethiopian national if both or either parent is Ethiopian.
- A child found abandoned in Ethiopia is deemed to be of Ethiopian parentage and acquires Ethiopian nationality.
- Ethiopia does not follow Jus Soli. Birth place within Ethiopian borders does not automatically grant citizenship.
Acquisition by Law (Naturalization):
- Foreigners can acquire Ethiopian citizenship through various processes outlined in the 2003 Nationality Proclamation (Articles 5-12).

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Description

Explore key concepts of ethics and morality, focusing on their definitions and significance in societal conduct. Delve into the role of citizenship and liberal thought, emphasizing individual liberty and responsibilities within a political community. Test your understanding of these foundational ideas through this quiz.