26 Questions
Is it ethical for the psychologist to deny feedback about the test results to the job candidates?
Yes
Is the counselor's refusal to use the MMPI-2 a breach of professional standards?
No
What is the main focus of a criterion-referenced test?
Whether the examinee meets a specified criterion
How are criterion-referenced tests different from norm-referenced tests?
Criterion-referenced tests do not require comparison to others' performance
Define assessment in the context of testing.
Assessment is a comprehensive process of compiling information to make inferences about characteristics and predict behavior.
What does the assessment of human characteristics involve?
Observations, interviews, checklists, inventories, projectives, and psychological tests
Why is combining data from different sources important in the assessment process?
To make predictions based on a complex gestalt of data
What distinguishes testing from assessment?
Testing is a part of assessment, which is a more comprehensive process
What is the explicit assumption underlying these tests?
Interest patterns determine and predict job satisfaction.
What is the most common use of psychological tests?
Making decisions about persons.
List five uses of psychological tests mentioned in the text.
Classification, Diagnosis and treatment planning, Self-knowledge, Program evaluation, Research.
Give an example of a professional using a test for decision making.
A consulting psychologist using a personality test to recommend a candidate for a police department.
Why is it mentioned that the applications of tests can overlap?
The applications frequently overlap because tests can serve multiple purposes simultaneously.
What is the assumption behind using tests to determine psychiatric diagnosis?
Tests help determine psychiatric diagnosis and provide self-knowledge.
What are the responsibilities of test users when conducting psychological assessments?
To complete the assessment with utmost concern for the well-being of the examinee, family, employers, and society affected by the results.
What guidelines help define responsible test use?
Practice guidelines published by testing organizations.
When releasing test score information, what should those responsible for testing programs provide?
Appropriate interpretations including what the test covers, what scores mean, and common misinterpretations.
In what context are all psychological services, including assessments, provided?
Within the context of a professional relationship.
What academic background is required for buyers who do not hold an advanced degree in psychology?
Details of courses in the administration and interpretation of tests and in statistics.
What should the interpretations of test scores describe?
What the test covers, what scores mean, the precision of the scores, common misinterpretations, and how scores will be used.
What is the functional implication of the guideline regarding assessment?
Assessment should serve a constructive purpose for the individual examinee.
What is the primary obligation of practitioners regarding confidentiality of information obtained from clients?
To safeguard the confidentiality of information, including test results.
Under what circumstances can information be ethically released to others without consent?
When withholding the information would present a clear danger to the client or other persons.
What is the role of the test user in the application of tests?
The test user must accept ultimate responsibility for the proper application of tests.
According to the standards manual, what should testers avoid?
Testers should avoid actions that have unintended negative consequences.
Why is it considered unethical to allow a client to attach unsupported surplus meanings to test results?
It would not be in the best interests of the client and would constitute an unethical testing practice.
Explore the ethical considerations of denying specific feedback to job candidates after a pre-employment psychological screening for psychopathology. Analyze the psychologist's decision and debate whether it is ethical to withhold test results feedback from the candidates.
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