Ethical Dilemma in Computing: Data Privacy

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'ethical principle' refer to?

A personal belief that is not influenced by external standards

A societal norm that changes over time

A law that governs societal behavior

A rule that helps individuals make decisions about what is right or wrong (correct)

Which of the following is NOT an example of an ethical principle?

Responsibility

Honesty

Ambition (correct)

Fairness

What is a major challenge in constructing ethical principles?

It is easy to agree on the principles.

There is a universally accepted method for construction.

Constructing the principles lacks a clear method. (correct)

Ethical principles are always identical across cultures.

In consequentialism, what is the primary factor that determines the morality of an action?

The consequences of the action Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical theory emphasizes the greatest overall happiness as the measure for moral value?

Utilitarianism Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of ethical principles commonly acknowledged?

They can lead to contradictory decisions in different scenarios. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ethical theories focuses on the character of the moral agent rather than the consequences of actions?

Virtue Ethics Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ethical decision-making, what role does the principle of fairness play?

It promotes equal consideration and treatment of all individuals. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid reason for sharing personal information?

When the information is sensitive. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary ethical principle in determining right or wrong actions?

Acting in a way that maximizes people’s happiness. Signup and view all the answers

When is it acceptable to share personal information based on ethical standards?

When it is necessary for a specific purpose. Signup and view all the answers

Which situation represents a clear violation of data privacy ethics?

Revealing personal information without consent. Signup and view all the answers

What factor is considered when evaluating the ethical dilemma of data utilization?

The potential harm to individuals' privacy and autonomy. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important not to share information when it could lead to harm?

It violates ethical principles regarding individual autonomy. Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential benefit of removing harmful or offensive content online?

It protects vulnerable individuals and communities. Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern regarding the use of algorithms for content moderation?

The algorithms may exhibit bias in judgment. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements reflects a moral perspective on content removal?

Moderation can lead to the suppression of dissenting voices. Signup and view all the answers

How might the removal of certain content be perceived negatively?

It can be interpreted as an infringement on free speech. Signup and view all the answers

What responsibility do social media platforms have regarding content removal?

To moderate content based on ethical considerations. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of content moderation mentioned in the discussion?

It prevents the dissemination of accurate information. Signup and view all the answers

What are values primarily used for in individuals or society?

To guide behavior and decision making Signup and view all the answers

How do values differ across individuals and cultures?

They can vary and are subjective Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes normative theories?

They establish universal moral principles through reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of morally skeptical views?

They suggest moral knowledge cannot be known with certainty Signup and view all the answers

Which method emphasizes personal opinions in moral judgments?

Subjectively-based/Non-Theoretical Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about values is true?

Values can guide behavior but may conflict with laws Signup and view all the answers

In deciding whether to use a social media platform, which method applies?

Subjectively-based/Non-Theoretical Signup and view all the answers

What role does reasoning play in normative theories?

It is used to derive universally applicable principles Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the relationship between values and morality?

Values inform moral decisions, while morality is the system that determines right and wrong. Signup and view all the answers

How might a consequentialist view the use of AI in hiring decisions?

It could justify the use by arguing it increases efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What does moral skepticism suggest about moral claims?

Moral claims are based on personal opinions and biases. Signup and view all the answers

Which philosophical view argues that sacrificing well-being for efficiency is morally wrong?

Deontology Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of values in guiding behavior?

They serve as guiding principles for individual and societal choices. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a basis of moral knowledge?

Objective reasoning Signup and view all the answers

In discussions about facial recognition technology, what argument might a moral skeptic make?

Determining right or wrong in this context is futile. Signup and view all the answers

What would a deontologist likely prioritize when assessing moral actions?

The intentions behind the actions. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data Privacy Dilemmas

Sharing personal information can be ethical if consent is given, it's necessary for a purpose, legally required, or in the public interest.
It is unethical to share when consent is not given, information is sensitive, illegal, could cause harm, or is unnecessary.
Balancing data utilization benefits with individual privacy and autonomy is a core ethical dilemma.

Understanding Ethical Dilemmas

Ethical dilemmas involve knowledge that shapes individual actions rather than community beliefs.
The essence of an ethical dilemma lies in navigating complex moral decisions.

Ethical Principles

Ethical principles are claims about right or wrong actions in specific circumstances.
Applying ethical principles, like maximizing happiness, is central to making ethical decisions.
Formulating ethical principles lacks clear consensus or methodology, making agreement in complex scenarios challenging.

Examples of Ethical Principles

Key examples include honesty, fairness, responsibility, and respect.
Engaging in discussions to develop and compare ethical principles can reveal contradictions or limitations.

Ethical Theories Overview

Includes consequentialism, deontology, virtue ethics, care ethics, principle-based ethics, religious ethics, natural law, and cultural relativism.

Consequentialism

Moral value is derived from the consequences of actions.
Utilitarianism, a subset of consequentialism, evaluates actions based on the overall happiness they generate.

Understanding Values

Values are subjective beliefs deemed significant by individuals or societies, guiding decision-making and behavior.

Differences Between Facts and Values

Facts are objective truths (e.g., Mount Everest’s height), while values reflect beliefs about worthiness (e.g., rights to a fair trial).

Methods of Moral Knowledge

Subjectively-based/Non-Theoretical: Focus on personal opinions and experiences in moral judgment.
Normative Theories: Establish universal moral guidelines through reasoning and observation.
Moral Skepticism: Argues that moral truths cannot be known with certainty.

Application of Moral Knowledge

Decisions on social media use may hinge on personal feelings (Subjectively-based).
AI in hiring raises questions on ethics from both consequentialist and deontological perspectives (Normative).
Discussions on facial recognition technology may reflect skepticism about the objectivity of moral judgments.

Values and Morality

Values shape individual or societal notions of importance and influence actions.
Morality establishes standards dictating behavior, rooted in community values.

Online Content and Values

Content moderation can protect vulnerable groups but may infringe on free speech and individual expression.
The moral responsibility of platforms concerning content moderation involves risks like censorship and bias in decision-making.

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Description

Test your understanding of data privacy and ethical dilemmas in computing. This quiz explores the circumstances under which personal information can or cannot be shared, focusing on consent, necessity, legality, and public interest. Determine the ethical boundaries of data sharing in the digital age.