Ethical and Legal Issues in Mental Health Nursing
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Ethical and Legal Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best defines a right?

  • An informal agreement on personal values
  • A legally recognized claim or privilege (correct)
  • An ethical principle guiding behavior
  • A method of determining moral obligations

    • What does moral behavior result from?

  • Routine practice of ethical standards
  • Casual preferences in personal conduct
  • Social norms and traditions
  • Serious critical thinking about treatment of others (correct)

    • What is meant by autonomy in ethical principles?

  • The status of individuals as autonomous moral agents (correct)
  • The duty to promote others' good
  • The right to defend oneself in legal matters
  • The necessity of following societal rules

    • Which ethical principle refers to one's duty to benefit or promote the good of others?

    <p>Beneficence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an ethical dilemma?

    <p>A decision between two unfavorable alternatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle involves acting on behalf of others as a supporter or defender?

    <p>Advocacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of doing no harm?

    <p>Non-maleficence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ethical principle of justice primarily focus on?

    <p>Creating equitable solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered a personal belief in the context of values?

    <p>Legally mandated practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the right to informed consent ensure for patients?

    <p>Patients are aware of their treatment options before agreeing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which right allows patients to select their healthcare providers?

    <p>Right to choose healthcare provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an ethical dilemma?

    <p>A choice between two or more conflicting moral principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in the Bill of Rights for psychiatric nursing?

    <p>The right to unlimited healthcare services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of psychiatric care, what is the difference between restraints and seclusions?

    <p>Restraints involve physical barriers while seclusions involve isolation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a legal issue relevant to psychiatric mental health nursing?

    <p>Breach of confidentiality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle requires healthcare providers to treat all patients fairly?

    <p>Justice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason for seeking involuntary commitment?

    <p>To observe and treat mentally ill individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior typically prompts an emergency commitment?

    <p>Behavior that shows a clear danger to self or others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which requirement must be met to justify involuntary commitment due to mental illness?

    <p>Clear and convincing evidence of danger or need for treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum time allowed before a court hearing is initiated after an emergency commitment?

    <p>72 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines involuntary outpatient commitment?

    <p>Court-ordered treatment to compel outpatient services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is most essential for the court to determine the need for involuntary commitment?

    <p>Probable cause and substantial evidence of abnormal conduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a goal behind involuntary outpatient commitment legislation?

    <p>To improve compliance with outpatient treatment and reduce readmissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios best represents a situation for involuntary commitment due to gravely disabled status?

    <p>A person unable to care for themselves due to a mental disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does battery refer to in a healthcare context?

    <p>Unconsented touching of another person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action can help a nurse avoid liability when providing care?

    <p>Documenting care meticulously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a nurse uses a blood pressure cuff that is too small for the client, which potential liability may arise?

    <p>Negligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered when a nurse intervenes against harmful decisions made by a family member on behalf of the client?

    <p>Beneficence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical principle applies when a client is prescribed medication but refuses to take it?

    <p>Autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best description of seclusion in a nursing context?

    <p>Isolating a client to prevent harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of a mental health patient who expresses plans to harm others, what is a crucial nurse action?

    <p>Reporting the threat to appropriate authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical principle is demonstrated when a nurse removes restraints from a calm client?

    <p>Nonmaleficence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of non maleficence in health care?

    <p>To avoid causing harm to clients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle is associated with treating individuals equally regardless of their background?

    <p>Justice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does veracity in healthcare primarily refer to?

    <p>The duty to always tell the truth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions can a client refuse medication?

    <p>If the client is deemed incompetent to make decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the right to the least restrictive treatment alternative?

    <p>Offering treatment options that require the least amount of intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes client confidentiality?

    <p>The obligation to protect clients' personal health information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a condition for the right to refuse medication described?

    <p>The client must have a previous history of compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of avoiding harm over providing benefits?

    <p>Non maleficence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ethical Issues in Mental Health Nursing

    • Clients have the right to refuse medications, but limitations exist. For example:

      • If the patient is a danger to themselves or others
      • When medications have a reasonable chance of helping the client
      • If the client is judged incompetent to make decisions

    • Clients have the right to the least restrictive treatment alternative. This includes:

      • Verbal rehabilitation techniques
      • Behavioral techniques
      • Chemical interventions
    • Confidentiality and the right to client privacy must be respected. This includes protecting pertinent health information.

    Involuntary Commitment and Emergency Commitments

    • There are three reasons for involuntary commitment:
      • Emergency situations
      • For observation and treatment of the mentally ill
      • For individuals deemed gravely disabled
    • Involuntary commitments require a court hearing, and typically involve a 72-hour evaluation followed by another hearing within 7-21 days.

    Mentally Ill in Need of Treatment

    • Involuntary commitment for treatment of mentally ill individuals requires clear and convincing evidence of abnormal conduct and probable cause.
    • The courts recognize that mental illness alone does not justify involuntary commitment unless there is immediate danger.

    Involuntary Outpatient Commitment

    • This is a court order requiring individuals with mental illness to receive treatment on an outpatient basis.
    • Goals of these commitments include reducing readmissions and lengths of stays.

    Avoiding Liability in Nursing Actions

    • Nursing actions to avoid liability include:
      • Responding to the patient's needs
      • Educating the patient about their illness and treatments
      • Complying with the accepted standard of care
      • Supervising the patient's care
      • Following the nursing process
      • Thorough documentation
      • Evaluating the care provided

    Seclusion

    • Seclusion is placing a client in a room alone, without potentially dangerous items.

    Negligence and Malpractice

    • Negligence occurs when a nurse fails to provide care that meets the standard of care, resulting in harm to the client.
    • Malpractice is a form of negligence specific to professional healthcare providers.

    Ethical Principles and Their Application

    • Autonomy: The right of the client to make their own decisions regarding their care, even if they refuse treatment.
    • Beneficence: The nurse's duty to act in the best interests of their patient, even if the patient is unwilling.
    • Nonmaleficence: The requirement to avoid harming the patient, even unintentionally.
    • Justice: All clients have a right to receive fair and equal treatment regardless of their situation.
    • Veracity: The duty to be truthful and honest with the patient.

    Duty to Warn

    • Nurses have a duty to warn potentially at-risk individuals if a client expresses a credible threat to harm them. This duty supersedes the right to confidentiality.

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    Related Documents

    Unit 1 Ch 4 Ethical and Legal Issues PDF

    Description

    Explore the ethical and legal complexities surrounding mental health nursing. This quiz covers clients' rights regarding medication refusal, confidentiality, and conditions for involuntary commitment. Understand the balance between client autonomy and safety in mental health care.

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