Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 8 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Where are olfactory receptors located?

  • In the roof of the nasal cavity (correct)
  • In the ear canal
  • In the throat
  • In the tongue

What stimulates olfactory hairs?

  • Light
  • Sound waves
  • Air
  • Chemicals dissolved in mucus (correct)

Which cells in olfaction undergo mitosis to replace olfactory receptor cells?

  • Supporting cells
  • Olfactory glands
  • Olfactory receptor cells
  • Basal cells (correct)

What is the function of supporting cells in olfaction?

<p>Physical support, nourishment, and electrical insulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which glands produce mucus to dissolve odor molecules in olfaction?

<p>Olfactory glands (Bowman’s glands) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the brain is involved in the interpretation of smells?

<p>Olfactory cortex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do impulses travel after synapsing with the olfactory bulb?

<p>Temporal lobe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What chemical reactions are involved in olfactory transduction?

<p>Cyclic AMP (cAMP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes anosmias, which are taste or smell deficits?

<p>Nasal cavity inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are most taste buds located?

<p>Tongue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is responsible for odor identification after impulses reach the primary olfactory area?

<p>Orbitofrontal area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of cells are present in taste buds along with gustatory receptor cells?

<p>Supporting cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of papillae on the tongue has taste buds located on the sides?

<p>Circumvallate papillae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are sweet receptors located in the taste buds?

<p>Tip of the tongue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors detect sour tastes?

<p>Sides of the tongue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of gustatory cells within the taste buds?

<p>Responding to chemicals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve serves the posterior 1/3 of the tongue in taste perception?

<p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds do bitter receptors detect?

<p>Alkaloids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often are taste bud cells replaced by basal stem cells?

<p>Every 7-10 days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are salty receptors located?

<p>Tip of the tongue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Umami known as in terms of taste?

<p>Delicious taste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the gustatory hairs on the taste buds?

<p>Chemicals dissolved in saliva (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do eyes begin to develop according to the text?

<p>3 weeks after fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of papillae on the tongue lacks taste buds and is sharp in structure?

<p>Filiform papillae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition in which the lens loses elasticity and has difficulty focusing on close objects, typically beginning around the age of 40?

<p>Presbyopia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which eye condition results from unequal pulls by the external eye muscles that prevent the coordination of movement of the two eyes?

<p>Strabismus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an eye infection or conjunctivitis in a baby's eyes due to the mother being infected with a sexually transmitted disease?

<p>Ophthalmia neonatorum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the age-associated hearing loss that affects approximately 25% of individuals by the age of 60?

<p>Presbycusis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition causes damage to the retina due to increased intraocular pressure and is more common in the elderly?

<p>Glaucoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the ringing in the ears that occurs more frequently in the elderly?

<p>Tinnitus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Olfactory Receptors Location

Located in the roof of the nasal cavity

Olfactory Hairs Stimuli

Chemicals dissolved in nasal mucus stimulate them

Olfactory Receptor Replacement

Basal cells replace olfactory receptor cells through mitosis

Supporting Cells in Olfaction

Provide structural support, nutrition, and electrical insulation to olfactory receptors

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Olfactory Glands Function

Produce mucus to dissolve odor molecules

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Smell Interpretation Area

Olfactory cortex

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Impulses Travel After Olfactory Bulb

Travel to the temporal lobe

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Olfactory Transduction Reaction

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is involved

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Anosmias Cause

Nasal cavity inflammation

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Taste Bud Location

Primarily located on the tongue

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Odor Identification Area

Orbitofrontal area

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Taste Bud Cell Types

Taste buds contain gustatory receptor cells and supporting cells

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Circumvallate Papillae

Papillae with taste buds on the sides of the tongue

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Sweet Receptor Location

Tip of the tongue

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Sour Receptor Location

Sides of the tongue

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Gustatory Cell Function

Respond to chemical stimuli

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Posterior 1/3 Tongue Nerve

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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Bitter Receptor Compounds

Detect alkaloids

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Taste Bud Cell Renewal

Every 7-10 days

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Salty Receptor Location

Tip of the tongue

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Umami Taste Name

Delicious taste

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Gustatory Hairs Stimulation

Stimulated by chemicals dissolved in saliva

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Filiform Papillae

Sharp papillae without taste buds

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