Essential Minerals Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What regulates the amount of zinc in enterocytes?

Synthesis of metallothionein

Intestinal lumen

Metal binding protein

Zinc transport proteins (correct)

How is the amount of zinc passing from the enterocyte into blood regulated?

Intestinal lumen

Synthesis of zinc transport proteins

Metallothionein (correct)

Storage vesicles

What happens when zinc levels are high?

Increased synthesis of metallothionein occurs (correct)

Zinc is transported into the blood stream

Zinc transport proteins are inhibited

Zinc is stored in the enterocyte

What prevents zinc from moving into the bloodstream?

Metallothionein and vesicles Signup and view all the answers

When is zinc lost from the enterocyte?

When the mucosal cell dies and is sloughed off into the feces Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of some zinc transport proteins?

Promote transport of zinc into the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high zinc intake on zinc transport?

Zinc is pumped out of the enterocyte Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the amount of zinc that passes into the blood?

Metallothionein Signup and view all the answers

What happens to zinc within vesicles?

It is bound to metallothionein Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when zinc levels are high?

Increased synthesis of metallothionein occurs Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is involved in superoxide dismutase function, DNA and RNA synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, insulin storage, and immune system function?

Zinc Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of zinc deficiency?

Reduced immune function Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral can cause copper deficiency when present in chronic toxicity?

Zinc Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of copper in the body?

Electron transport Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of zinc toxicity?

Gastrointestinal irritation Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral can decrease the bioavailability of copper?

Zinc Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of copper deficiency?

Chronic diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare inherited form of zinc deficiency that rapidly responds to zinc supplementation?

Acrodermatits enteropathica Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is involved in collagen cross-linking, iron metabolism, and antioxidant protection?

Copper Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Essential Minerals and Their Functions in the Body

Under low zinc intake, more zinc is transported into the enterocyte than out, leading to reduced metallothionein production and increased Zn in the blood.
Zinc is involved in superoxide dismutase function, DNA and RNA synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, insulin storage, and immune system function.
Zinc fingers, required for DNA binding, are influenced by zinc intake.
Acrodermatits enteropathica is a rare inherited form of zinc deficiency that rapidly responds to zinc supplementation.
Zinc deficiency symptoms include poor growth, skin rashes, hair loss, and reduced immune function.
Zinc toxicity can cause gastrointestinal irritation, headaches, and chronic zinc toxicity can lead to copper deficiency.
Copper exists in +1 and +2 oxidation states, with the majority in the CuII form, and zinc can decrease the bioavailability of copper.
Copper functions in the body include electron transport, collagen cross-linking, iron metabolism, neurotransmitter production, melanin production, and antioxidant protection.
Copper absorption is about 30-40% and can be inhibited by high intakes of iron, manganese, molybdenum, and vitamin C.
Copper deficiency can occur in infants with chronic diarrhea, patients undergoing chronic dialysis, and individuals with genetic disorders like Menkes disease.
Wilson’s disease is a rare genetic disorder resulting in copper overload, characterized by Kayser-Fleischer rings in the eyes.
Manganese is involved in various metabolic processes, including amino acid, cholesterol, and cartilage metabolism, and is also needed for the activity of superoxide dismutase.

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Description

Test your knowledge of essential minerals and their functions in the body with this informative quiz. Explore the roles of zinc, copper, and manganese, as well as their impact on various bodily functions. From zinc deficiency symptoms to copper absorption inhibitors, this quiz covers a wide range of essential mineral facts.