Extraction of Zinc
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the haematite lining in the production of wrought iron from cast iron?

  • To produce iron at a higher temperature
  • To remove carbon impurities
  • To increase the blast furnace gas production
  • To remove impurities and produce iron simultaneously (correct)

    • What is the composition of blast furnace gas?

  • 50% N2, 30% CO, 10% CO2 and 10% H2
  • 60% N2, 20% CO, 10% CO2 and 10% H2
  • 40% N2, 35% CO, 15% CO2 and 10% H2
  • 58% N2, 25% CO, 10.5% CO2 and 6.5% H2 (correct)

    • What is the byproduct of iron extraction used for making cement?

  • Blast furnace gas
  • Pig iron
  • CaSiO3
  • Slag cement (correct)

    • What is the primary purpose of steel making?

    <p>To remove most of the carbon and other impurities from pig iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction that produces slag?

    <p>MnO + SiO2 ® MnSiO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the blast furnace gas?

    <p>To preheat the air used and for cooking purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of slag?

    <p>CaSiO3 and little Al2(SiO3)3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the reaction 3C + 2Fe2 O3 ® 2 Fe + 3CO -?

    <p>To remove carbon impurities from cast iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the reaction 3Si + 2Fe2 O3 ® 4Fe + 3SiO2?

    <p>It removes silicon impurities from cast iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction that produces FePO4?

    <p>Fe2 O3 + P2 O5 ® 2 FePO4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Extraction of Zinc

    • Zinc ores: ZnS (Zinc blende), ZnO (Zincite), ZnO.Fe2O3 (Franklinite), ZnCO3 (Calamine), ZnSiO3 (Willemite), ZnSiO3.ZnO.H2O (Electric calamine)
    • Zinc blende (ZnS) is the chief ore used for extraction of zinc
    • Extraction process: Froth floatation, Roasting, Carbon reduction, Electrorefining
    • Froth floatation: Separates out PbS and ZnS based on their different floating characteristics
    • Roasting: Converts ZnS into ZnO
    • Carbon reduction: Reduces ZnO into Zn
    • Electrorefining: Purifies Zn using electrolysis

    Electrorefining of Zinc

    • Electrolyte: ZnSO4 + H2SO4
    • Cathode: Al sheet
    • Anode: Impure Zn
    • Reactions:
      • At the cathode: Zn2+ + 2e → Zn
      • At the anode: Zn → Zn2+ + 2e
    • H2SO4 is added to increase the overvoltage of H+, ensuring deposition of only Zn2+ at the cathode

    Extraction of Iron

    • Iron ores: Fe2O3 (Haematite), Fe3O4 (Magnetite), Fe2O3.3H2O (Brown haematite or limonite), FeCO3 (Siderite or spathic iron ore), FeS2 (Iron pyrite)
    • Haematite (Fe2O3) is the chief ore used for extraction of iron
    • Extraction process: Gravity separation, Roasting, Smelting
    • Roasting: Removes CO2, SO2, and converts Fe2O3 into Fe
    • Smelting: Reduces Fe2O3 into Fe using coke

    Purification of Iron (Wrought Iron)

    • Process: Puddling process
    • Reactions:
      • S + O2 → SO2
      • C + O2 → CO2
      • 3S + 2Fe2O3 → 4Fe + 3SO2
      • 3Si + 2Fe2O3 → 4Fe + 3SiO2
      • 3Mn + Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3MnO
      • MnO + SiO2 → MnSiO3 (slag)
      • 3C + 2Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3CO
    • Wrought iron contains less than 0.5% impurities, including Mn, Si, P, C, and S

    Byproducts of Iron Extraction

    • Slag: Consists of CaSiO3 and Al2(SiO3)3, used for making cement
    • Blast furnace gas: 58% N2, 25% CO, 10.5% CO2, 6.5% H2, and hydrocarbons, used for preheating air and cooking

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    Description

    This quiz covers the process of extracting zinc from its ores, including zinc blende, zincite, franklinite, and calamine. It also touches on the role of powdered anthracite and electrorefining in the extraction process.

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