Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic symptom of babies with Esophageal atresia?
What is the characteristic symptom of babies with Esophageal atresia?
What is the main nutrition problem in babies with Esophageal atresia?
What is the main nutrition problem in babies with Esophageal atresia?
What is the correct anatomy of the esophagus in Esophageal atresia?
What is the correct anatomy of the esophagus in Esophageal atresia?
What is the most dangerous problem associated with Esophageal atresia?
What is the most dangerous problem associated with Esophageal atresia?
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What is the association of Esophageal atresia with other congenital defects?
What is the association of Esophageal atresia with other congenital defects?
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What is the type of Tracheoesophageal fistula characterized by the upper segment of the esophagus ending in a blind pouch and the lower segment connected by a fistula to the trachea?
What is the type of Tracheoesophageal fistula characterized by the upper segment of the esophagus ending in a blind pouch and the lower segment connected by a fistula to the trachea?
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What is the primary reason why a baby with esophageal atresia does not swallow in the womb?
What is the primary reason why a baby with esophageal atresia does not swallow in the womb?
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What is a significant symptom of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula during feeding?
What is a significant symptom of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula during feeding?
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What is the term for the connection between the esophagus and trachea?
What is the term for the connection between the esophagus and trachea?
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Why is it important to monitor the baby's first feeding with the mother?
Why is it important to monitor the baby's first feeding with the mother?
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What is the consequence of not halting breastfeeding when the baby is coughing during feeding?
What is the consequence of not halting breastfeeding when the baby is coughing during feeding?
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What is the characteristic of the abdomen in a baby with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula?
What is the characteristic of the abdomen in a baby with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula?
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What is the purpose of inserting an NGT in a child with Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
What is the purpose of inserting an NGT in a child with Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
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What is the primary diagnostic tool used to confirm the type of Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
What is the primary diagnostic tool used to confirm the type of Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
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Why is parenteral fluid/TPN necessary in the management of Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
Why is parenteral fluid/TPN necessary in the management of Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
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What is a potential complication of continuous TPN administration?
What is a potential complication of continuous TPN administration?
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What is the primary goal of surgical intervention in Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
What is the primary goal of surgical intervention in Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
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Why is it necessary to monitor blood glucose levels in patients with Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
Why is it necessary to monitor blood glucose levels in patients with Esophageal Atresia/Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
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Study Notes
Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
- Esophageal atresia is a failure to connect the upper segment of the esophagus with the lower segment, resulting in a blind pouch.
- In tracheoesophageal fistula, the upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch, and the lower segment is connected by a fistula to the trachea.
Types of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
- Most common type: upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch, and the lower segment is connected by a fistula to the trachea.
- Other types: both upper and lower segments are connected by a fistula to the trachea, and a fistula is present between an otherwise normal esophagus and trachea (classic H-type).
Symptoms
- Drooling of mucus after birth (blowing bubbles)
- Mother with polyhydramnios (in the womb, babies with atresia do not swallow)
- 3 C's during feeding: choking, coughing, and cyanosis
- Very round full abdomen due to swallowing air
Diagnostics
- X-ray shows coiling of firm catheter (NGT insertion)
- Ultrasound shows stomach distended with air
- Barium swallow to confirm the type of EA/TEF
- Bronchial endoscopy shows blind-end esophagus and fistula
Management
- Surgery is the only treatment for EA/TEF
- Parenteral fluid/TPN administration as necessary
- NGT to drain secretions and decompress the stomach
- Suction if necessary to prevent aspiration
- IV meds to decrease stomach acid secretion
- Need for antibiotic infusion if necessary
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy and symptoms of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, including the presentation of symptoms in utero and the effects on the mother. It also explores the different types of connections between the esophagus and trachea.