Erotusprosessit - Luentomoniste 2024

Techniques used to isolate different components from mixtures, like separating salt from seawater or different compounds from crude oil.

A process that uses differences in boiling points to separate liquids in a mixture.

A type of distillation used to separate liquids with similar boiling points, like in oil refining.

A process where substances are transformed into new substances with different properties.

Industrial processes that transform raw materials into new products with different compositions.

Starting materials used in industrial processes to create desired products.

Basic steps or stages of a large industrial process, for instance, reactions and separations.

The percentage of reactants that get transformed into products during a reaction, in particular one that does not reach complete conversion.

The extent to which ethylene is transformed into another substance during a chemical reaction, expressed as a percentage.

The process of recovering and reusing unreacted chemicals or intermediate products in a chemical process.

Hypothetical process of turning ethylene directly into ethanol without side reactions or impurities.

Unwanted substances present in the ethylene feedstock that affect the chemical reaction.

A process that occurs naturally without external energy input.

A process designed to isolate target substances from a mixture.

A mixture composed of more than one distinct physical state (e.g., solid, liquid, gas).

A specific technique (e.g., distillation, absorption) used to isolate components from a mixture.

A method of separating substances using a semipermeable membrane, based on size differences.

Forces solvent through a membrane against the osmotic pressure.

Separates molecules larger than 0.02-10µm using a membrane.

Separates molecules larger than 1-20nm using a membrane.

Separates molecules smaller than 1nm using non-porous membranes.

Separates components through a membrane by vaporization.

Separates gases using a membrane driven by pressure.

Solvent moves across a membrane from an area of higher to lower concentration

A process that adds a separation step to a process to recover a particular product. Since complete recovery is impossible, MSA needs continual addition to the process.

A process where a substance (adsorbate) sticks to the surface of another substance (adsorbent).

Separating materials that are distinct from each other (like oil and water).

A material with a large surface area that can adsorb substances.

The substance that's adsorbed onto another substance during adsorption.

Using vigorous mixing to increase material transfer quickly and efficiently between different liquids.

The maximum amount of adsorbate that an adsorbent can hold.

A process that separates liquids with different boiling points by creating a vapor and condensing it, allowing separation.

The process of restoring an adsorbent's ability to adsorb.

A form of partial vaporization used to separate liquids with different boiling/vaporization rates by lowering the pressure.

A measure of how easily a component turns to a vapor. Some components easily evaporate, while others require more energy.

A method for separating components in a mixture based on their different adsorption properties.

Used for separating components with slightly different boiling points, requiring a higher number of separations than normal distillation.

A separation method where ions in a solution are exchanged with ions on a solid material.

Number of interactions between different phases, like vapor and liquid, to improve separation efficiency during distillation or similar operations.

Techniques that separate substances based on differences in how they respond to external forces like gravity or a magnetic field.

Essential parts of a mixture, like nC4H10 and C5H12, targeted for separation in the process.

A ratio describing how easily a component vaporizes compared to others. Used to predict the performance of separation.

Measure of the efficiency of separation between components in a column. Values higher than 0.95 indicate good separation for lighter components.

The percentage of a component successfully isolated from the mixture.

Measure of how pure the separated component is, expressed as a percentage.

Fraction of each component in a mixture expressed as a ratio of the total moles.

Various ways to express the quantity of a substance within a mixture (e.g., ppm, ppb, mol%, weight%)

Specific process used for separating different types of hydrocarbon molecules.