Erikson's Eight Stages of Personality Development Quiz

Erikson's Eight Stages of Personality Development

• Erik Erikson's psycho-social theory suggests that social and environmental factors influence personality development throughout the life cycle.
• There are eight stages of personality development characterized by positive and negative experiences as well as an emotional crisis.
• Each stage depends on biological, psychological, and social events taking place.
• The first stage is the sensory-oral stage (birth to 18 months) where the developmental task is trust versus mistrust.
• The second stage is the muscular-anal stage (1.5-3 years) where the developmental task is autonomy versus shame and doubt.
• The third stage is the loco-motor genital stage (3-6 years) where the developmental task is initiative versus guilt.
• The fourth stage is the latency stage or school stage (6-12 years) where the developmental task is industry versus inferiority.
• The fifth stage is puberty and adolescence stage (12-18 years) where the developmental task is identity versus role confusion.
• The sixth stage is the young adulthood stage (18-40 years) where the developmental task is intimacy versus isolation.
• The seventh stage is the adulthood stage (40-65 years) where the developmental task is generativity versus stagnation.
• The eighth stage is the maturity stage (65 years to death) where the developmental task is integrity versus despair.
• Failure to resolve the emotional crisis predisposes the person to mental illness, and each stage, if not fulfilled, leads to disharmony and mental illness.
• Psychoanalysis for adults and play therapy for children are used to negotiate the early developmental stages and solve emotional crises.