Ergotamine Tartrate Flashcards

Study Notes

Brand Name

Ergotamine tartrate is marketed under the brand name Ergomar.

Drug Classification

Classified as an Ergot Alkaloid.

Mechanism of Action

Acts by vasoconstricting dilated blood vessels through stimulation of alpha adrenergic and serotonergic (5-HT) receptors.
Higher doses may lead to alpha adrenergic blockade and resultant vasodilation.

Common Drug Interactions

Using with beta blockers, hormonal contraceptives, macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin), or nicotine can heighten peripheral vasoconstriction risk.
Dihydroergotamine can negate the anti-anginal effects of nitrates.
Concurrent use of other vasoconstrictors should be avoided to prevent additive effects.
Combining with triptans (almotriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan, zolmitriptan) can cause prolonged vasoconstriction; a 24-hour interval is recommended between uses.

Side Effects/Adverse Effects

CNS: Dizziness
CV: Risk of myocardial infarction, hypertension, angina pectoris, arterial spasm, intermittent claudication
GI: Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and extreme thirst (polydipsia).
MS: Stiffness, muscle pain, stiff neck, and shoulders.
Neuro: Weakness, numbness, or tingling in extremities.
Misc: General fatigue.

Black Box Warning

Inhibition of CYP34 can raise serum levels of ergotamine, increasing the risk of cerebral and/or peripheral ischemia. Avoid concurrent use of contraindicated drugs.

Therapeutic Effects

Constriction of the dilated carotid artery bed provides resolution of vascular headache.
Significant decrease in headache pain.

Nursing Implications - Preventing Interactions

Ergot derivatives may enhance hypertensive effects of alpha-1 agonists.
Metabolized by CYP3A4 in the liver; it’s crucial to avoid all CYP3A4 inhibitors.

Nursing Implications - Herb and Dietary Considerations

Potential interactions with:
- Cola
- Coffee
- Tea
- Grapefruit juice

Nursing Implications - Administering the Medication

Should be taken sublingually and not crushed, chewed, or swallowed whole.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while the medication is dissolving.

Nursing Implications - Patient Teaching

Instruct patients to take ergotamine at the onset of migraine headaches.
Advise notifying prescriber if migraines become more frequent or are not relieved.
Rest in a dark room for 2-3 hours post-administration.
Report any muscle pain, weakness, heart rate changes, nausea, or vomiting to the healthcare provider.
Emphasize that tablets should never be crushed, swallowed, or chewed.
Caution not to increase dosage unless directed by a prescriber.

Description

This quiz is a set of flashcards focused on Ergotamine Tartrate, a medication used primarily for migraine treatment. Through these cards, you'll learn about its brand name, classification, mechanism of action, and common drug interactions. Ideal for pharmacy students and healthcare professionals.