Podcast
Questions and Answers
What causes laminitis to occur in horses?
What causes laminitis to occur in horses?
- Excessive movement in the forelimbs
- Increased exercise intensity
- Inflammation and breakdown of laminae (correct)
- Deep tissue infections
Which of the following symptoms is associated with colic in horses?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with colic in horses?
- Swelling of the hind limbs
- Increased appetite
- Lying down and reluctance to move (correct)
- Pawing at the ground (correct)
What is a recommended treatment approach for managing chronic laminitis?
What is a recommended treatment approach for managing chronic laminitis?
- Prescribe anti-inflammatory medication only
- Fatigue training to encourage movement
- Chop toe right back (correct)
- Increase carbohydrate intake
When treating horses with bilateral hoof pain, what is considered a crucial first step?
When treating horses with bilateral hoof pain, what is considered a crucial first step?
Which factor contributes to the development of rhabdomyolysis in horses?
Which factor contributes to the development of rhabdomyolysis in horses?
What is the primary treatment aim for a horse suffering from pastern OCD?
What is the primary treatment aim for a horse suffering from pastern OCD?
Which treatment option is typically recommended for managing severe instability due to pastern subluxation?
Which treatment option is typically recommended for managing severe instability due to pastern subluxation?
What is a common sign of a sesamoid fracture?
What is a common sign of a sesamoid fracture?
Which type of sesamoid fracture has the best prognosis if surgically repaired?
Which type of sesamoid fracture has the best prognosis if surgically repaired?
In cases of significant trauma causing severe instability, which is an essential step in the evaluation process?
In cases of significant trauma causing severe instability, which is an essential step in the evaluation process?
How is conservative management of pastern subluxation typically aimed at achieving soundness?
How is conservative management of pastern subluxation typically aimed at achieving soundness?
What complication may arise if the suspensory ligament is damaged in the case of a sesamoid fracture?
What complication may arise if the suspensory ligament is damaged in the case of a sesamoid fracture?
What surgical approach is indicated for a subchondral cyst associated with pastern OCD if conservative management fails?
What surgical approach is indicated for a subchondral cyst associated with pastern OCD if conservative management fails?
What is the primary cause of neonatal pneumonia?
What is the primary cause of neonatal pneumonia?
What is a common sign of systemic illness in neonates with pneumonia?
What is a common sign of systemic illness in neonates with pneumonia?
Which imaging method is considered helpful for diagnosing fluid in the lungs?
Which imaging method is considered helpful for diagnosing fluid in the lungs?
What treatment is preferred when kidney function is a concern?
What treatment is preferred when kidney function is a concern?
Which abnormal finding could indicate the need for further investigation in a neonatal pneumonia case?
Which abnormal finding could indicate the need for further investigation in a neonatal pneumonia case?
What vital sign is particularly elevated in neonates presenting with pneumonia?
What vital sign is particularly elevated in neonates presenting with pneumonia?
Which laboratory analysis is essential for diagnosing neonatal pneumonia?
Which laboratory analysis is essential for diagnosing neonatal pneumonia?
What is a typical respiratory symptom in neonates with pneumonia?
What is a typical respiratory symptom in neonates with pneumonia?
What is a common cause of primary sinusitis in horses?
What is a common cause of primary sinusitis in horses?
What clinical sign is associated with progressive ethmoid haematoma?
What clinical sign is associated with progressive ethmoid haematoma?
What is the typical treatment approach for a primary sinusitis if medical treatment fails?
What is the typical treatment approach for a primary sinusitis if medical treatment fails?
Which condition is characterized by an encapsulated mass from the ethmoid turbinates?
Which condition is characterized by an encapsulated mass from the ethmoid turbinates?
What is a common clinical sign of an epidermal inclusion cyst?
What is a common clinical sign of an epidermal inclusion cyst?
What procedure is commonly used to confirm the diagnosis of progressive ethmoid haematoma?
What procedure is commonly used to confirm the diagnosis of progressive ethmoid haematoma?
What might indicate the presence of secondary sinusitis?
What might indicate the presence of secondary sinusitis?
What is a common management strategy for paranasal sinus cysts in horses?
What is a common management strategy for paranasal sinus cysts in horses?
What is a possible consequence of untreated progressive ethmoid haematoma?
What is a possible consequence of untreated progressive ethmoid haematoma?
Which of the following would likely resolve with speed and has no significant effects?
Which of the following would likely resolve with speed and has no significant effects?
What is the first sign of the condition discussed?
What is the first sign of the condition discussed?
Which complication can arise from submandibular lymph node softening?
Which complication can arise from submandibular lymph node softening?
What is a possible treatment method for abscessed lymph nodes without airway obstruction?
What is a possible treatment method for abscessed lymph nodes without airway obstruction?
In the later stages of the condition, which symptom is often observed?
In the later stages of the condition, which symptom is often observed?
Which treatment option is generally used for horses with early clinical signs but no lymph node abscesses?
Which treatment option is generally used for horses with early clinical signs but no lymph node abscesses?
Which symptom indicates potential asphyxiation due to swollen guttural pouches?
Which symptom indicates potential asphyxiation due to swollen guttural pouches?
What is a common feature of the disease in younger horses?
What is a common feature of the disease in younger horses?
What causes the mucopurulent nasal discharge in affected horses?
What causes the mucopurulent nasal discharge in affected horses?
What test is typically used to diagnose the condition in horses?
What test is typically used to diagnose the condition in horses?
What is the treatment approach for exposed animals showing no clinical signs?
What is the treatment approach for exposed animals showing no clinical signs?
Study Notes
Biarticular and Bag of Ice
- Acute lameness graded at 5/5; potential use of transfixation cast advised.
- Pastern subluxation leads to severe instability due to disruption of soft tissues like SDFt and sesamoid ligaments.
- Characterized by a dropped pastern stance along with extreme pain and swelling of the joint.
Pastern OCD
- Subchondral cysts may develop on weightbearing points and cartilage flap ossification can occur.
- Presenting symptoms include lameness and swelling, often with an insidious onset.
- Management includes intra-articular medications, phenylbutazone (bute), rest to minimize inflammation, and control cyst size.
- Severe cases may require arthrodesis or transcondylar screws for stabilization.
Sesamoid Fractures
- Fractures categorized by location:
- Apical: at the top; associated with fetlock hyperextension.
- Mid-body: commonly found halfway through the sesamoid; increased pressure leads to injury.
- Basal: at the bottom; presents with acute lameness and swelling.
- Abaxial: at the SL insertion; usually non-surgical unless complications arise.
- Diagnosis involves radiography and ultrasonography of the suspensory ligament.
- Surgical repair generally yields good prognosis, but prognosis varies by fracture type.
Laminitis
- Caused by inflammation and breakdown of laminae, leading to hoof wall separation from pedal bone; forelimbs more affected.
- Precipitating factors can include carbohydrate overload, endotoxemia, and underlying conditions like colic.
- Pain evaluation through hoof testers, increased digital pulses (DPs), and reluctance to move may indicate severity.
- Treatment focuses on reducing harmful forces with specialized shoeing, removing inciting causes, and ensuring proper hoof growth.
- Supportive care includes analgesia, cooling techniques, and monitoring for kidney function.
Neonatal Pneumonia
- Typically secondary to sepsis or aspiration; poses risk in foals under 4 weeks old.
- Clinical signs include systemic illness, lethargy, increased recumbency, and decreased appetite.
- Diagnosis involves CBC and biochemistry, blood gas analysis, ultrasonography, and potentially endoscopic examination.
- Treat with ceftiofur, supportive care with oxygen, bronchodilators, and monitoring for kidney function.
Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders
- False nostril flutter: Turbulence leads to nasal flutter; resolves with speed, usually no treatment necessary.
- Epidermal inclusion cysts in the dorsal nasal diverticulum are cosmetic and can be surgically removed if desired.
- Progressive ethmoid haematoma can cause intermittent unilateral epistaxis and may require surgical intervention or laser ablation.
- Primary sinusitis typically follows upper respiratory infection; unilateral discharge and facial distortion are common signs.
- Secondary sinusitis results from underlying issues like dental disease; often requires surgical drainage if chronic.
- Paranasal sinus cysts are usually genetic; most frequently seen in horses under 1 year or older than 9 years.
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Description
Explore the critical aspects of equine lameness related to biarticular issues, pastern OCD, and sesamoid fractures. This quiz covers symptoms, management strategies, and classifications of common injuries, helping you understand the complexities of equine orthopedics.
