Epithelial Cell Structure Quiz

<p>Attaching to underlying connective tissue. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apical surface has structures for absorption, while basal surface supports the cell and transmits signals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing surface area for absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They both have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cilia exhibit a pendulum-like motion, whereas flagella show a sinusoidal motion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Actin filaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microvilli; enhancing absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Desmoplakins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gap junctions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laminin and entactin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supports cell-matrix adhesion and nutrient diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intermediate filaments possess a medium diameter and are stable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To connect cytoskeletal components with adhesion molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ciliary movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are composed of acidic and basic keratins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Actin-myosin interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A complex of proteins and glycoproteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adhesion molecules like integrins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Desmin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytoplasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To seal the cell perimeter and divide membrane compartments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cadherins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By creating pathways for direct communication between cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provide strong cell-cell adhesion under stress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They anchor cells to the extracellular matrix. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide mechanical strength by adhering cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytoskeletal support - facilitates desmosome function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They regulate molecule movement and support tissue integrity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ideal for absorption and secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveoli of lungs and Bowman's capsule of kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The shape of the top-layer cells determines the tissue type (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mature cells may lose their ability to divide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells are as wide as they are tall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple Columnar Epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains keratin in its outer layers making it tough. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Holocrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary bladder and ureters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are polarized. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratified epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple cuboidal epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple squamous epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucous membranes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Composed of a parietal and a visceral layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of secretory units with a single unbranched duct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tubular glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have multiple tubules connected to a single duct. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation and concentration of secretion composition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a mix of both tubular and acinar structures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excretory glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their secretory portion is coiled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple tubular glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epithelial cells have distinct apical and basal surfaces, facing the lumen and underlying tissue, respectively.

The surface of an epithelial cell facing the internal space (lumen) of an organ.

Small, finger-like projections on the apical surface that increase surface area for absorption.

The surface of an epithelial cell facing the underlying connective tissue.

Polarity allows epithelial cells to perform specialized functions like absorption or secretion at specific locations.

Stable, medium-diameter filaments in cells, composed of proteins arranged in linear and helical patterns.

Six distinct families of intermediate filament proteins, each with specific locations in different cell types.

Phagocyte movement, like macrophages.

Movement by cilia that creates liquid flow along cell surfaces.

Movement by flagella, mainly in sperm cells.

Structures that anchor cells to the extracellular matrix.

Tight connections between epithelial cells, minimal intercellular matrix.

Epithelial cells have distinct apical and basal surfaces.

Layer that separates epithelium from connective tissue.

Network of protein filaments within cells, that support cell shape and movement.

A network of actin filaments that anchors the microvilli to the cell, giving the apical cytoplasm rigidity.

The arrangement of microtubules in cilia and flagella, with 9 double microtubules surrounding 2 single microtubules.

Cilia are short, hair-like structures that move in a back-and-forth motion, while flagella are longer, whip-like structures that move in a wave-like motion.

Microvilli increase the surface area of the apical membrane, enhancing absorption.

The basal body, a modified centriole, anchors cilia and flagella to the cell.

Specialized connections between cell membranes in animal tissues, providing structure, regulating molecule movement, and enabling cell communication.

Fused cell membranes forming a seal preventing molecule passage between cells, dividing the membrane into apical and basolateral compartments.

Strong mechanical junctions using cadherin proteins and actin filaments, connecting cells for adhesion and stability. Two types: intercellular (zonula adherens) and desmosomes (macula adherens).

Channels connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells for direct communication, allowing passage of small molecules and ions.

Anchoring junctions providing strong cell-cell adhesion, linked to keratin filaments and reinforced by intracellular filaments. Important in tissues under stress.

Half-desmosomes, anchoring cells to the extracellular matrix.

Specializations on the sides of cells, including tight junctions, allowing cells to adhere and form compact layers, preventing molecule passage.

Specializations at the base of cells interacting with the basal lamina, providing support for epithelium.

Channel proteins facilitate communication between cells, allowing small molecules to pass. They coordinate cellular function.

Part of the basal membrane formed by connective tissue, primarily collagen.

Epithelial tissues form a protective barrier between the body's internal environment and the external world.

Epithelial tissues are composed of tightly packed cells with little space between them, arranged in layers, and supported by a basement membrane.

Epithelial tissues are classified based on the number of cell layers (simple or stratified) and the shape of the cells (squamous, cuboidal, or columnar).

A single layer of flattened cells, ideal for diffusion and filtration, found in blood vessels and lungs.

A single layer of cube-shaped cells, involved in secretion and absorption, found in glands and kidney tubules.

A single layer of tall, column-shaped cells, involved in secretion and absorption, found in the digestive tract.

Multiple layers of flattened cells, providing protection against abrasion and damage, found in the skin.

Appears layered, but all cells touch the basement membrane, involved in secretion and absorption, found in the respiratory tract.

A single layer of cells forming a tissue, ideal for absorption and secretion due to its thinness and low resistance to mechanical stress.

Multiple layers of cells forming a tissue, with the top layer determining the classification. Deeper layers continuously divide to replace surface cells.

Epithelia line body cavities, cover surfaces, and form glands, performing diverse functions like protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration.

A specialized epithelium found in organs that stretch, such as the urinary bladder. Its cells can change shape to accommodate expansion and contraction.

A gland with one or more secretory units directly connected to the epithelium by an unbranched duct.

A gland with secretory cells forming a tube-like structure with a straight or curved wall and a single, unbranched duct. The secretory portion is directly connected to the surface.

A type of tubular gland where the secretory portion is coiled.

A type of tubular gland where the secretory portion is branched. Multiple tubules are connected to a single duct.

A gland with a branched duct system and multiple secretory units. The ducts have progressively decreasing diameter and secretory units are found at the terminal ends.

A gland with sac-shaped secretory portions called alveoli. The secretory units are small, rounded structures arranged around the ends of the branched ducts.

A mixed gland with both tube-shaped and sac-shaped secretory portions.

A duct that regulates and concentrates the final secretion composition. It is common in ruminants.