Epithelial Cell Structure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic best describes the apical surface of epithelial cells?

  • It facilitates communication with neighboring cells.
  • It is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption. (correct)
  • It is involved in signal transduction processes.
  • It anchors the cell to underlying connective tissue.
  • What is the primary function of microvilli found on the apical surface of epithelial cells?

  • To enhance cell mobility.
  • To provide structural support.
  • To aid in cellular communication.
  • To increase the surface area for absorption. (correct)
  • Which of the following structures is NOT typically associated with the apical specialization of epithelial cells?

  • Basal lamina (correct)
  • Flagella
  • Microvilli
  • Cilia
  • What role does the basal surface of an epithelial cell primarily serve?

    <p>Attaching to underlying connective tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the differences in specialization between apical and basal surfaces of epithelial cells?

    <p>Apical surface has structures for absorption, while basal surface supports the cell and transmits signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microvilli in epithelial cells?

    <p>Increasing surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the structure of cilia and flagella?

    <p>They both have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the movements of cilia differ from those of flagella?

    <p>Cilia exhibit a pendulum-like motion, whereas flagella show a sinusoidal motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anchors the microvilli to the cell's apical region?

    <p>Actin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies a specialized apical structure and its primary role?

    <p>Microvilli; enhancing absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is primarily responsible for forming the adhesion plaque in desmosomes?

    <p>Desmoplakins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proteins do hemidesmosomes use to connect to the basal membrane?

    <p>Integrins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is primarily responsible for communication between adjacent cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the basal lamina according to its two layers?

    <p>Laminin and entactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key functions does the basal membrane perform?

    <p>Supports cell-matrix adhesion and nutrient diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that differentiates intermediate filaments from microfilaments and microtubules?

    <p>Intermediate filaments possess a medium diameter and are stable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue typically exhibits polarity, having distinct apical and basal surfaces?

    <p>Epithelial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of integrins in cellular movement?

    <p>To connect cytoskeletal components with adhesion molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement is characterized by the use of cilia to create liquid currents across a cell surface?

    <p>Ciliary movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the type I components in intermediate filaments?

    <p>They are composed of acidic and basic keratins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components primarily drives cytoplasmic rearrangements during cell movement?

    <p>Actin-myosin interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the basal lamina in epithelial tissues?

    <p>A complex of proteins and glycoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism primarily facilitates the attachment of cells to their surrounding extracellular matrix?

    <p>Adhesion molecules like integrins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of filament is primarily involved in the mechanical support of muscle cells?

    <p>Desmin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cellular component occupies the majority of the volume in a typical cell?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tight junctions in cellular junctions?

    <p>To seal the cell perimeter and divide membrane compartments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins are primarily involved in the formation of adherens junctions?

    <p>Cadherins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do gap junctions facilitate cellular function?

    <p>By creating pathways for direct communication between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do desmosomes play in tissues?

    <p>Provide strong cell-cell adhesion under stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes hemidesmosomes?

    <p>They anchor cells to the extracellular matrix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of lateral specializations in cellular junctions?

    <p>To provide mechanical strength by adhering cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the basal lamina is NOT correctly matched?

    <p>Cytoskeletal support - facilitates desmosome function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of cellular junctions in an organism?

    <p>They regulate molecule movement and support tissue integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics can be attributed to simple epithelium?

    <p>Ideal for absorption and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following locations would you find simple squamous epithelium?

    <p>Alveoli of lungs and Bowman's capsule of kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of stratified epithelium?

    <p>The shape of the top-layer cells determines the tissue type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the maturation of epithelial cells?

    <p>Mature cells may lose their ability to divide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the shape of simple cuboidal epithelium described?

    <p>Cells are as wide as they are tall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue is primarily involved in absorption and secretion?

    <p>Simple Columnar Epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of Stratified Squamous Epithelium?

    <p>It contains keratin in its outer layers making it tough.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which secretion mode involves the entire cell being released during the secretion process?

    <p>Holocrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organs would you primarily find Transitional Epithelium?

    <p>Urinary bladder and ureters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelial tissue consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells?

    <p>Simple Cuboidal Epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of epithelial cells?

    <p>They are polarized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial tissue provides a barrier to the external environment and is composed of multiple cell layers?

    <p>Stratified epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of simple epithelium?

    <p>Simple cuboidal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is found in the lining of blood vessels and assists in the diffusion of substances?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which epithelial membrane is characterized by its involvement in secretion and presence in moist internal cavities?

    <p>Mucous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelial tissue appears layered but consists of cells that all touch the basement membrane?

    <p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissues?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The serous membranes are specifically described as having what characteristic?

    <p>Composed of a parietal and a visceral layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of simple multicellular glands?

    <p>Presence of secretory units with a single unbranched duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of compound gland has tube-shaped secretory portions with adenomers at the ends of the branched ducts?

    <p>Tubular glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates tubular-branched glands from other types?

    <p>They have multiple tubules connected to a single duct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of secretory glands in the gland structure?

    <p>Regulation and concentration of secretion composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes tubulo-acinar or tubulo-alveolar glands from other compound glands?

    <p>They have a mix of both tubular and acinar structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland is characterized by cuboidal cells that carry out a passive function related to secretion?

    <p>Excretory glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main structural feature of tubular-coil glands?

    <p>Their secretory portion is coiled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland type does NOT belong to the compound multicellular classification?

    <p>Simple tubular glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

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