Epilepsy Medications

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What is the mechanism of action of valproic acid?

Inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium channels

Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase

Irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase

Blockage of T-type calcium channels and GABA transaminase (correct)

What is the effect of phenytoin and carbamazepine on the metabolism of another anticonvulsant?

They inhibit the metabolism of vigabatrin

They induce the metabolism of valproic acid (correct)

They inhibit the metabolism of zonisamide

They induce the metabolism of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

What is the primary concern during pregnancy for women taking valproic acid?

Risk of hepatotoxicity

Risk of teratogenicity (correct)

Risk of weight loss

Risk of somnolence

What is the most common adverse effect of vigabatrin?

Vision loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of zonisamide?

Blockage of voltage-sensitive sodium channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of valproic acid on the metabolism of other anticonvulsants?

It inhibits the metabolism of phenobarbital Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for vigabatrin?

Adjunctive therapy for partial seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is the protein binding of valproic acid?

~90% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antiepileptic medications is known to cause oligohidrosis?

Topiramate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Cannabidiol (Epidiolex)?

Binding to cannabinoid receptors in the brain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antiepileptic medications can decrease the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives?

Phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and oxacarbazepine Signup and view all the answers

What should be initiated in women taking antiepileptic drugs?

High-dose folic acid Signup and view all the answers

Why should women who are pregnant and taking antiepileptic medications register with the North American AED Registry?

To monitor for potential birth defects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a first-line medication for partial seizures?

Carbamazepine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of Cannabidiol (Epidiolex)?

Somnolence Signup and view all the answers

Why should divalproex be avoided in women of childbearing age?

It can cause birth defects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of tiagabine?

Inhibiting GABA reuptake transporters Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following adverse effects is commonly associated with pregabalin?

Weight gain and edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for phenobarbital?

Primary treatment for status epilepticus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is converted to phenobarbital?

Primidone Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique property of tiagabine's pharmacokinetics?

Not highly protein-bound Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs can cause seizures in individuals without epilepsy?

Tiagabine Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of phenobarbital?

Enhancing GABA action as an inhibitory NT Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is primarily eliminated by the kidneys?

Pregabalin Signup and view all the answers