30 Questions
What percentage of patients can control their seizures with one medication?
75%
What is the ranking of epilepsy as a neurologic disorder?
4th most common
What is the term for seizures that involve only a portion of the brain?
Focal seizures
What is the name of the league that classifies epilepsy?
International League Against Epilepsy
What is the term for seizures that affect awareness and consciousness?
Complex partial seizures
What is the term for abnormal single limb or muscle group activities?
Auras
What percentage of people will experience at least one seizure?
10%
What is the term for seizures that affect the entire brain?
Generalized seizures
What is a characteristic of simple partial seizures?
No loss of consciousness
What can focal seizures progress to?
Generalized tonic-clonic seizures
What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines in reducing seizures?
Binding inhibitory GABA receptors
Which antiepileptic drug is primarily used for tonic-clonic, simple and complex partial seizures?
Phenytoin
What is a significant pharmacokinetic consideration for phenytoin?
Saturable enzyme metabolism
What is a non-dose related adverse effect of phenytoin?
Gingival hyperplasia
Why is fosphenytoin administered intravenously, while phenytoin is not?
Fosphenytoin is a prodrug, phenytoin is not
What is a common problem with benzodiazepine use in epilepsy treatment?
Tolerance to therapeutic effects
What is a key consideration in choosing an antiepileptic drug for a patient?
All of the above
What is a characteristic of benzodiazepines in the treatment of seizures?
Immediate onset and short-acting
What is a significant difference between lorazepam and clonazepam?
Indications for use
What is a consideration in the use of phenytoin in certain patient populations?
Drug-drug interactions with oral contraceptives
What is the characteristic of a tonic-clonic seizure?
Violent muscle contractions followed by a period of confusion
What is the age range for pediatric onset of absence seizures?
3-5 years
What is the characteristic EEG discharge pattern of absence seizures?
Spike and wave discharge
What is the primary difference between myoclonic and clonic seizures?
Impaired consciousness
What is the impact of tonic seizures on muscle tone?
Sudden increase in muscle tone
What is the characteristic of atonic seizures?
Sudden loss of muscle tone/muscle strength without loss of consciousness
What is the definition of status epilepticus?
Seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or several seizures occurring in succession
What is the primary cause of epilepsy?
All of the above
What is the primary diagnostic tool for epilepsy?
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
What is the primary goal of therapy for epilepsy?
Reduction of seizure frequency and severity
Test your knowledge of epilepsy, including its classification, diagnosis, and treatment options. Learn about the therapeutic goals and drug options for controlling seizures, including benzodiazepines and phenytoin.
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