Epilepsy Management and Treatment

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What percentage of patients can control their seizures with one medication?

100%

75% (correct)

90%

50%

What is the ranking of epilepsy as a neurologic disorder?

2nd most common

1st most common

6th most common

4th most common (correct)

What is the term for seizures that involve only a portion of the brain?

Focal seizures (correct)

Simple partial seizures

Generalized seizures

Complex partial seizures

What is the name of the league that classifies epilepsy?

International League Against Epilepsy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for seizures that affect awareness and consciousness?

Complex partial seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for abnormal single limb or muscle group activities?

Auras Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people will experience at least one seizure?

10% Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for seizures that affect the entire brain?

Generalized seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of simple partial seizures?

No loss of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What can focal seizures progress to?

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines in reducing seizures?

Binding inhibitory GABA receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which antiepileptic drug is primarily used for tonic-clonic, simple and complex partial seizures?

Phenytoin Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant pharmacokinetic consideration for phenytoin?

Saturable enzyme metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is a non-dose related adverse effect of phenytoin?

Gingival hyperplasia Signup and view all the answers

Why is fosphenytoin administered intravenously, while phenytoin is not?

Fosphenytoin is a prodrug, phenytoin is not Signup and view all the answers

What is a common problem with benzodiazepine use in epilepsy treatment?

Tolerance to therapeutic effects Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration in choosing an antiepileptic drug for a patient?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of benzodiazepines in the treatment of seizures?

Immediate onset and short-acting Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference between lorazepam and clonazepam?

Indications for use Signup and view all the answers

What is a consideration in the use of phenytoin in certain patient populations?

Drug-drug interactions with oral contraceptives Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a tonic-clonic seizure?

Violent muscle contractions followed by a period of confusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for pediatric onset of absence seizures?

3-5 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic EEG discharge pattern of absence seizures?

Spike and wave discharge Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between myoclonic and clonic seizures?

Impaired consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of tonic seizures on muscle tone?

Sudden increase in muscle tone Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of atonic seizures?

Sudden loss of muscle tone/muscle strength without loss of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of status epilepticus?

Seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or several seizures occurring in succession Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of epilepsy?