Epidemiology Quiz: Odds Ratio and Confounding

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What was the Crude Relative Risk for the association between social isolation and depression?

1.20

3.00

1.80 (correct)

2.50

What can happen if a factor which lies in the causal pathway between exposure and outcome is treated like a confounder and adjusted for?

Collider bias

Overadjustment (correct)

Residual confounding

Confounding by indication

Why might the age-adjusted estimate be lower than the Crude Relative Risk?

Because age is not a confounder

Because age is not associated with depression

Because age is a confounder that explains part of the association (correct)

Because age is not associated with social isolation

What occurs when researchers adjust for some but not all potential confounders or the confounders adjusted for are not accurately measured?

Residual confounding Signup and view all the answers

What would you conclude about the role of age in the social isolation – depression association?

Age is a confounder which explains part of the association Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adjusting for age in the study?

To reduce confounding and get a more accurate estimate of the association Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a factor that lies in the causal pathway between exposure and outcome?

Mediator Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the Crude Relative Risk and the age-adjusted estimate?

The age-adjusted estimate is lower than the Crude Relative Risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reading Petrie A. & Sabin C. Medical Statistics at a Glance, 3rd Edition, Chapter 34?

To understand the concept of confounding and adjustment Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an underestimation of the true exposure-outcome association due to adjusting for a mediator?

Overadjustment Signup and view all the answers

Epidemiology Quiz: Odds Ratio and Confounding

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Questions and Answers

What was the Crude Relative Risk for the association between social isolation and depression?

What can happen if a factor which lies in the causal pathway between exposure and outcome is treated like a confounder and adjusted for?

Why might the age-adjusted estimate be lower than the Crude Relative Risk?

What occurs when researchers adjust for some but not all potential confounders or the confounders adjusted for are not accurately measured?

What would you conclude about the role of age in the social isolation – depression association?

What is the purpose of adjusting for age in the study?

What is the term for a factor that lies in the causal pathway between exposure and outcome?

What is the difference between the Crude Relative Risk and the age-adjusted estimate?

What is the purpose of reading Petrie A. & Sabin C. Medical Statistics at a Glance, 3rd Edition, Chapter 34?

What is the term for an underestimation of the true exposure-outcome association due to adjusting for a mediator?

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