Comparing RR, PR, OR, and POR in Epidemiology

In which type of study is the OR preferred over the RR and PR for estimating the relative measure of association?

When is the exposure E considered a potential protective factor for the disease D based on the relative measure of association?

What does PR stand for in the context of estimating relative measures of association?

When is the exposure E and the disease D considered independent based on the relative measure of association?

In which type of study would the risk ratio (RR) compare the probability of developing the disease during the follow-up between two groups of exposure?

Why are POR and OR treated as numerically identical in cross-sectional and case-control studies?

What is the population attributable risk (PAR)?

What does the population attributable risk (PAR) measure assume?

What does the population attributable risk (PAR) measure assume if P(D|Ē) = 0?

What is the exposure attributable risk (EAR)?

Which package in R can be used to calculate confidence intervals for odds ratio and risk ratio?

What are the possible values for RR compared to OR?

In which type of study is the prevalence ratio (PR) compared between two groups of exposure?

What does the logistic regression model interpret in terms of odds ratio?

What does OR stand for in statistics?

Which distribution is used for the exact calculation of confidence intervals for odds ratio in high sample size scenarios?

"The lower P(D|E) and P(D|Ē), the closer RR and OR." Which type of diseases usually exhibit this characteristic?

What do PR, RR, and OR measure?

What is the formula for calculating Attributable Numbers (ANp) in epidemiology?

In epidemiology, what are attributable fractions usually reported as to describe the impact of the exposure?

What is the formula for calculating the number of cases among the whole population that would not have occurred in the absence of exposure (ANp) in epidemiology?

In the context of epidemiology, which measure is known as 'excess risk'?

What does EAR stand for in the context of estimating health impacts in epidemiology?

What is known as excess risk in epidemiology?

What is used to describe the impact of exposure in epidemiology?