Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of persistent diarrhea?

  • Giardia (correct)
  • E. histolytica
  • C. difficile
  • Campylobacter

What diagnostic procedure may be indicated if stool studies are unrevealing?

  • Endoscopy with duodenal aspirates and biopsies
  • Colonoscopy with biopsies
  • Abdominal CT scan
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the key feature of Brainerd diarrhea?

  • Subtle inflammation of the distal small intestine or proximal colon
  • Associated with antibiotic use
  • Acute onset diarrhea lasting 1-3 years
  • Both a and b (correct)

What is the primary goal in treating acute diarrhea?

<p>Fluid and electrolyte replacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended approach for fluid replacement in severe acute diarrhea?

<p>Oral sugar-electrolyte solutions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might structural examination of the gastrointestinal tract be appropriate in patients with persistent diarrhea?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used to treat diarrhea associated with IBS?

<p>Both rifaximin and eluxadoline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of eluxadoline?

<p>Sphincter of Oddi spasm and acute pancreatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important component of management for patients with chronic diarrhea?

<p>Fluid and electrolyte repletion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional management may be necessary for patients with chronic steatorrhea?

<p>Replacement of fat-soluble vitamins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about constipation is true?

<p>Most persons have at least three bowel movements per week (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be analyzed in detail to ascertain what a patient means by 'constipation' or 'difficulty' with defecation?

<p>The individual patient's symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate prevalence rate for chronic constipation in the U.S. population?

<p>12-19% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the gender differences in chronic constipation is true, according to the text?

<p>Women are affected twice as often as men, reaching parity at 70 years of age. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following statements about diarrhea and constipation is correct?

<p>They account for nearly 50% of referrals to gastroenterologists. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate cost per patient for constipation or hemorrhoids, compared to controls?

<p>About double the cost of controls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about diarrhea and constipation is true, according to the text?

<p>They can range from mild to severe or life-threatening. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason stated for the importance of clinicians understanding the pathophysiology and management of diarrhea and constipation?

<p>To deliver rational and cost-effective care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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