Epidemiology Basics

Bacteria can live in almost every conceivable environment, including in or on the ______ body.

In bacteria, the cell wall forms a rigid structure of uniform thickness around the cell and is responsible for the characteristic shape of the cell (rod, coccus, or ______).

Inside the cell wall (or rigid peptidoglycan layer) is the ______ (cytoplasmic) membrane; this is usually closely apposed to the wall layer.

Bacteria can come from many different sources such as: Pet waste, septic systems, agriculture, wildlife and combined or sanitary sewage ______.

Common Medication For Bacterial Infectious Diseases: Penicillin, Erythromycin, Cephalexin. An antibiotic drug obtained Used to treat a wide variety of Used to treat bacterial from molds of the genus bacterial ______.

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug obtained from molds of the genus ______ and used to treat or prevent various infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.

The ______ is the cause of the disease.

Living organisms that invade the host, causing the disease are known as ______.

Substances that can interact with the body, causing disease, such as food additives, medications, and pesticides, are classified as ______.

Factors in the environment that allow disease transmission make up the 'where' of the epidemiological ______.

The host is an organism that can be affected by an ______.

Someone who is not vaccinated is an example of a ______ host.

Epidemiology is the foundation of ______ health

The word epidemiology comes from ______ Greek root words

Epi—means 'on, upon, befall' (think of groups of ______)

Demo—means 'people' (think of ______—'the study of statistics of populations')

-ology—means 'the study of' ______

Refers not only to the number of health events in a population, but also refers to the occurrence to the relationship of that number to the size of the ______

Some parasites, such as hookworms, can enter the body through the _______

The Enteral Phase ranges from 1-2 days, while the Parenteral Phase ranges from 2-8 weeks or more, depending on the infectious dose and possibly the species of the _______

Types of Parasitic Infection include Protozoal, Helminth, and Ectoparasitic infections affecting various _______

Common Medication For Parasitic Infectious Diseases includes Albendazole and _______

The broadest medication class used to treat parasitic infections is _______

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, are a group of rare degenerative brain disorders characterized by tiny holes that give the brain a 'spongy' _______

_________ Time

_________ Place

Pattern Personal Characteristics Annual, seasonal, weekly, Includes geographic variation, demographic factors which may daily, hourly, weekday versus urban/rural differences, and be related to risk of illness, injury, _________

Determinants These are the causes and other factors that influence the occurrence of disease and other health-related events To search for these determinants, epidemiologists use analytic epidemiology or epidemiologic studies to provide the “Why” and “How” of such events.They assess whether groups with different rates of disease differ in their demographic characteristics, genetic or immunologic make-up, behaviors, environmental exposures, or other so-called potential risk factors.Ideally, the findings provide sufficient evidence to direct prompt and effective public health control and prevention measures.EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD ……… ……… The epidemiological triangle helps identify risk factors associated with diseases.Epidemiologistsidentify factors that increase the likelihood of disease transmission by analyzing interactions among the agent, host, and _________.

_________ TRIAD

The epidemiological triangle helps identify risk factors associated with diseases.Epidemiologists identify factors that increase the likelihood of disease transmission by analyzing interactions among the agent, ______, and environment.