Epidemiology and Public Health

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Questions and Answers

Match the following public health activities with their primary focus:

Etiology Research = Discovering the causes of diseases to inform prevention strategies. Health Promotion = Implementing interventions to encourage healthier personal behaviors. Disease Causation Analysis = Investigating the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Natural History Studies = Understanding the progression and outcomes of diseases in populations.

Match the types of factors that contribute to disease with their correct description:

Genetic Factors = Inherited predispositions that may increase susceptibility to certain diseases. Environmental Factors = External elements like chemical exposures, that can impact health. Biological Factors = Living organisms or substances they produce that affect health. Economic Factors = Financial conditions that influence health

Match the following study types with their main epidemiological goal:

Observational Studies = Examining the distribution and determinants of health-related states in specified populations. Interventional Studies = Evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions on disease incidence. Case-Control Studies = Identifying potential risk factors by comparing individuals with a disease to those without. Cohort Studies = Tracking groups over time to assess the incidence of disease in relation to different exposures.

Match each concept with its significance in understanding disease dynamics:

<p>Incidence = The rate at which new cases of a disease occur in a population over a given period. Prevalence = The proportion of a population found to have a condition at a specific time. Mortality Rate = The number of deaths due to a disease in a population per unit of time. Risk Factor = A characteristic that increases the probability of disease occurrence.</p>

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Match public health strategies with their methods of intervention to improve population health:

<p>Vaccination Programs = Administering vaccines to prevent infectious diseases and reduce their spread. Health Education Campaigns = Providing information and resources to promote healthy behaviors and informed decision-making. Environmental Regulations = Implementing policies to reduce pollution and exposure to toxins that can harm health. Screening Programs = Testing populations for early detection of diseases to enable timely treatment.</p>

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Flashcards

Public Health

Collective actions to improve the health of a population.

Epidemiology

A core tool of public health, studying disease causes and prevention.

Etiology in Epidemiology

The study of disease origins, crucial for identifying prevention methods.

Disease Causation

Most diseases arise from a mix of genes and external factors.

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Natural History of Disease

The progression and eventual outcome of a disease in individuals or groups.

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Study Notes

Public health is the term given to collective actions to improve population health.
Epidemiology is a tool used to improve public health.
Early epidemiological studies focused on the causes of communicable diseases and identifying preventative methods.
Epidemiology is a basic medical science with the goal of improving the health of populations, especially the disadvantaged.

Causation of Disease

Most diseases result from an interaction between genetic and environmental factors, though some are solely caused by genetic factors.
Environment includes biological, chemical, physical, psychological, economic, or cultural factors that can affect health.
Epidemiology studies the influence of personal behaviors and the effects of preventative interventions.