DM306 Exam Combined
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What is one way to improve the specificity of the product design specification?

  • Specify a range of weight values
  • Include multiple interpretations for clarity
  • Avoid using ambiguous words (correct)
  • Use general terms for flexibility

    • Which example aligns with setting realistic design constraints?

  • Setting a weight limit of exactly 10 kilogrammes
  • Designing a product that costs less than 100 pounds to manufacture (correct)
  • Using 50 kilogrammes of 24 karat gold in the product
  • Having a high variability in the product requirements

    • What is an important aspect to consider when selecting headings for a product design specification?

  • Including as many headings as possible for thoroughness
  • Selecting headings based on personal preference only
  • Choosing headings that are irrelevant but sound technical
  • Identifying what is important to the overall product being designed (correct)

    • How can the term 'lightweight' be better defined in a product design specification?

    <p>Avoiding words that involve ambiguity and providing a specific weight limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for product requirements to be realistic and achievable?

    <p>To ensure the product can be manufactured within specified cost limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does setting goals play in a Product Design Specification (PDS)?

    <p>To set clear guidelines for what the product should achieve or include</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects the importance of identifying key aspects important to a product being designed?

    <p>Identifying what is crucial for the specific product being designed at that time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for a product design specification to avoid vague language or terms?

    <p>Clarity in specifications ensures understanding and precision in product development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'DFX' stand for in the context of product development?

    <p>Design for Excellence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT mentioned as an aspect addressed by DFX?

    <p>Color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were 'design for x' methods identified as a need by engineers?

    <p>To reduce costs and inefficiencies in design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the product development process does 'DFX' NOT impact according to the text?

    <p>Marketing and promotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do 'Design for Manufacture and Assembly' guidelines help engineers?

    <p>Identifying, measuring, and reducing waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Design for X' aims to improve the development of a product for which of the following objectives?

    <p>Safety, reliability, environment protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'DFX' approaches are often supported by specific guidelines to help in which process?

    <p>Product development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Design for X' methods were recognized due to a lack of detailed knowledge in which processes?

    <p>Important product lifecycle processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are weighted scores calculated in concept evaluation?

    <p>Multiplying the raw scores by criteria weights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a spreadsheet for varying weights and ratings in concept evaluation?

    <p>To perform sensitivity analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method can be employed to facilitate team decision making in concept selection?

    <p>De Bono's Six Thinking Hats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the final concept typically selected in the multi-voting/dot sticking method?

    <p>By selecting the concept with the most votes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using a controlled convergence matrix in concept selection?

    <p>Facilitates narrowing down options systematically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In concept evaluation, what role does the 'product champion' typically play?

    <p>Advocates for a particular concept throughout the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using De Bono's Six Thinking Hats in concept selection?

    <p>To encourage different perspectives and creative thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are detailed selection criteria enhanced in concept evaluation?

    <p>By expanding beyond ease of use factors like injection and cleaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of creating a product design specification?

    <p>To define what the product has to do and customer design requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the product design specification fit in the product development process?

    <p>After market research but before concept generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the product design specification?

    <p>Facts identified in market research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for the product design specification to reflect market and customer research outputs?

    <p>To align the product requirements with what customers want</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What purpose does including realistic design constraints in the product design specification serve?

    <p>To ensure the design aligns with feasible targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a customer has specified a maximum price of 50 pounds for the product, what should be included in the product design specification?

    <p>$45 as a potential price point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the product design specification help in setting the foundation for the design process?

    <p>By clearly outlining overall product requirements and objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the product design specification contains inaccurate information not based on market research outputs?

    <p>$100 would be used as a potential price point instead of $50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between creativity and innovation?

    <p>Creativity is the generation of new ideas, while innovation is the successful exploitation of these ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does design connect creativity and innovation?

    <p>Design shapes new ideas into functional, practical, and attractive solutions for customers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the concept of creativity according to the text?

    <p>Creativity is the generation of something new that adds value to products, services, or processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was The Saucy Fish Company's main objective in developing a new fish product?

    <p>To recreate a restaurant dining experience for customers at home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the role of design in creativity and innovation?

    <p>Design shapes new ideas into practical solutions for customers and users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes creativity from innovation based on the text?

    <p>Creativity involves generating novel ideas, while innovation centers on successfully implementing these ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text define the concept of design in relation to creativity and innovation?

    <p>Design transforms abstract ideas into tangible solutions for customers and users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between creativity and innovation?

    <p>Creativity focuses on generating new ideas, while innovation focuses on implementing those new ideas successfully.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does design bridge the gap between creativity and innovation?

    <p>Design shapes the generated ideas into functional solutions for users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of design in the context of creativity and innovation?

    <p>To shape and refine new ideas into functional solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text define creativity?

    <p>Creativity involves bringing into being something that didn't exist before.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does design play in turning creativity into innovation?

    <p>Design shapes and refines new ideas into practical solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does innovation differ from creativity in terms of product development?

    <p>Innovation is focused on exploiting new ideas successfully, while creativity is about generating those new ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does design primarily aim to achieve in the context of creativity and innovation?

    <p>Design shapes all the generated ideas into practical, attractive solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of the new central vacuuming system compared to the traditional vacuum cleaner?

    <p>It eliminates the need to carry or drag the vacuum cleaner around</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of health benefits, what does the text mention about the new central cleaning vacuum system?

    <p>It reduces allergies and provides health benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the new central vacuuming system achieve increased suction power?

    <p>By using a bigger vacuum in the basement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key benefit does the new central cleaning vacuum system offer in terms of vacuuming?

    <p>Reduces dust blowback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text mention using dead wall space and building cavities?

    <p>To mention the utilization of other resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as not happening in terms of harmful features in the new central cleaning vacuum system?

    <p>Introduction of new risks or safety hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stated about the complexity of the new central cleaning vacuum system compared to the traditional vacuum cleaner?

    <p>It is less complex than before</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been done with primary trade-offs and contradictions in relation to user involvement and health benefits in the new central cleaning vacuum system?

    <p>They have been reduced and eliminated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of sustainable development according to the text?

    <p>Meeting the needs of the present population without compromising future generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does sustainable development need to maintain a balance among social, economic, and environmental aspects?

    <p>As they are interdependent and have a direct impact on sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In sustainable development, what do the controversies mainly revolve around?

    <p>Balancing social, economic, and environmental concerns effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for sustainable development to consider economic implications?

    <p>To ensure a well-rounded approach to development that includes financial aspects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sustainable development differ from the original Brundtland Report definition?

    <p>It expands the scope to encompass social, economic, and environmental aspects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overarching idea behind sustainable development according to the provided text?

    <p>Balancing social, economic, and environmental considerations in all development processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as crucial for sustainable development to achieve long-term success?

    <p>Balancing social, economic, and environmental factors effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Controlled Convergence in the design process?

    <p>To prioritize design requirements and converge on the best solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of QFD, what does 'DFMA' stand for?

    <p>Design for Manufacturing and Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity helps in identifying potential failures early in the design process?

    <p>FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Benchmarking in the design activities?

    <p>Identifying best practices and areas for improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method aims to involve customers in the design process by translating their requirements into engineering specifications?

    <p>QFD Cascade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Requirements Matrix help establish during the design process?

    <p>Relationships between customer and design requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In product development, what does the Product Characteristics Manufacturing Purchasing Matrix assist in?

    <p>Translating customer needs into product characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Kano process, what would be considered a dysfunctional question for a smartphone camera feature?

    <p>If a phone doesn't provide a camera, how do you feel?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the standardized responses in the questionnaire aim to capture?

    <p>Different feelings towards features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are responses to dysfunctional questions important in the classification table?

    <p>To classify what type of needs a feature represents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is crucial for understanding customer satisfaction from a feature according to the text?

    <p>Dysfunctional questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of administering the questionnaire developed using the Kano process?

    <p>To receive a variety of customer responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do standardized responses help in product development?

    <p>By guiding the classification of customer needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of identifying dysfunctional questions in product development?

    <p>To classify customer needs effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do standardized responses in questionnaires aid in feature prioritization?

    <p>By capturing varying customer sentiments towards features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main focus of The Little Coffee Company in developing a new coffee product?

    <p>Reducing the mess associated with cafetiere and large coffee machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did The Saucy Fish Company differentiate its fish products in a crowded market?

    <p>By focusing on packaging colors and imaging to make its products stand out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional feature did The Saucy Fish Company introduce to enhance user experience?

    <p>Online blog for recipe suggestions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did The Little Coffee Company change the delivery method of coffee?

    <p>Adopted a tea bag style delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of The Saucy Fish Company in developing new fish products?

    <p>Differentiating their products in an already competitive market</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did The Saucy Fish Company aim to enhance the overall user experience of their fish products?

    <p>By providing recipe suggestions through an online blog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what unique delivery format did The Little Coffee Company plan to offer high-quality coffee?

    <p>'Coffee bags' resembling tea bags</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did The Saucy Fish Company aim to make its fish products more visually appealing?

    <p>'Good-looking' packaging and imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pitfall mentioned in the text when seeking customer validation?

    <p>Assuming your friends and family are the customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT mentioned in the text as part of defining the market for a product?

    <p>User demographics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In product development, what is the significance of the Product Characteristics Manufacturing Purchasing Matrix?

    <p>Aligning product characteristics with manufacturing capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to seek customer validation according to the text?

    <p>To understand and define what the user requires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text emphasize about different target groups in terms of customer requirements?

    <p>They will be completely different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when seeking customer validation according to the text?

    <p>Believing in customer homogeneity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is defining the voice of the customer important in product development?

    <p>To understand user requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Always seek customer validation.' Why is this emphasized in the text?

    <p>&quot;To understand and define what the user requires&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a design method in the context of design as explained in the text?

    <p>To provide a structured approach in designing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key considerations when selecting a design method for a specific stage of the design process?

    <p>The suitability of the method to achieve the desired outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a morphological chart be best described in the context of design methods?

    <p>A tool for concept development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the design process highlights the importance of repetitively utilizing specific design methods?

    <p>Iterative nature of design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to choose an applicable design method that can vary throughout the design process?

    <p>To achieve specific objectives at different stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do quality function deployment (QFD) and failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA) serve as examples of design methods?

    <p>By facilitating structured approaches within the context of designing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do design methods contribute to efficiency in the manufacturing stage of a product's development?

    <p>By minimizing potential failure points in the product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial to adopt a variety of different design methods throughout the entire design process?

    <p>To address specific needs at different stages effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the two main categories mentioned in the text?

    <p>Product development and commercial needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of product development do the two categorizations primarily concentrate on?

    <p>Life-cycle thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the first categorization from the second in sustainable development categorization?

    <p>Product vs. service focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the categorized methods mainly aim to enhance in existing products?

    <p>Sustainability practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In sustainable product development, what does a focus on 'life-cycle thinking' primarily involve?

    <p>Considering product's journey from creation to disposal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements are mainly considered in the second categorization of sustainable development methods?

    <p>Service provision and marketing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of concept selection in product development according to the text?

    <p>To eliminate all concepts except one for further testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach does Ulrich and Eppinger take when evaluating initial product concepts?

    <p>Screening matrix followed by scoring matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In concept selection, what method is used when there are multiple rough concepts at a sketch level?

    <p>Controlled convergence matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a 'product champion' in the context of concept evaluation?

    <p>To lead the team in selecting the best concept for further testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is typically used to refine and improve product concepts leading to one for further testing?

    <p>Controlled convergence matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the process of concept selection?

    <p>An iterative process closely related to concept generation and testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates Ulrich and Eppinger's approach to concept selection from Pugh Methodology?

    <p>'Ulrich and Eppinger use a two-stage approach, while Pugh Methodology relies on multi-voting.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do screening and scoring matrices play in concept selection, respectively?

    <p>'Screening matrix eliminates concepts, while scoring matrix refines them.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Product Design Specification (PDS) is crucial in product development, defining what the product needs to do and customer requirements.
    • PDS should reflect market and customer research findings, including realistic design constraints and targets.
    • Concept evaluation involves rating concepts on a scale of 1-5, combining and improving concepts, and selecting the best ones.
    • Various concept selection methods include controlled convergence matrix, weighting and rating matrices, and multi-voting.
    • Design for X (DfX) refers to methods to improve product development for specific objectives like safety, reliability, and cost.
    • Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs.
    • Creativity involves generating new ideas, while innovation is successfully implementing these ideas in a business-like manner.
    • Controversies around sustainable development include balancing social, economic, and environmental aspects and their interdependency.

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