Enzymology Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the process by which pepsinogen becomes active?

  • Allosteric modification
  • Proteolysis (correct)
  • Hydrolysis
  • Phosphorylation
  • What characteristic distinguishes isoenzymes from one another?

  • Amino acid sequence (correct)
  • Substrate specificity
  • Optimal pH
  • Catalytic activity
  • According to the lock and key theory, what is the shape of the active site?

  • Complementary to the substrate
  • Variable and dynamic
  • Induced by the substrate
  • Fixed and unchangeable (correct)
  • What is the energy barrier that separates reactants from products in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Free energy of activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?

    <p>To decrease the activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the high-energy state that occurs during formation of the product in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Transition state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the active site in an enzyme molecule?

    <p>To participate in substrate binding and catalysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the enzyme at the end of a catalyzed reaction?

    <p>It returns to its original state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for enzyme activity?

    <p>International Units (IU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an enzyme that acts on one substrate only?

    <p>Absolute specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the complex formed when an enzyme binds to a substrate?

    <p>Enzyme-substrate complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times faster are enzyme-catalyzed reactions compared to uncatalyzed reactions?

    <p>103–108 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of enzyme specificity refers to acting on a particular type of chemical bond, regardless of the rest of the molecular structure?

    <p>Linkage specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an inactive enzyme that requires biochemical modification to be converted into its active form?

    <p>Zymogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of compartmentalization of enzymes within specific organelles in the cell?

    <p>To isolate reactions and prevent competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of enzyme specificity refers to the ability to act on a particular steric or optical isomer?

    <p>Stereochemical specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for enzymes that have different forms with the same catalytic activity, but differ in their physical properties?

    <p>Isoenzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a zymogen is converted into its active form?

    <p>Activation by removal of a polypeptide chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

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