18 Questions
What is the process by which pepsinogen becomes active?
Proteolysis
What characteristic distinguishes isoenzymes from one another?
Amino acid sequence
According to the lock and key theory, what is the shape of the active site?
Fixed and unchangeable
What is the energy barrier that separates reactants from products in a chemical reaction?
Free energy of activation
What is the purpose of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?
To decrease the activation energy
What is the term for the high-energy state that occurs during formation of the product in a chemical reaction?
Transition state
What is the primary role of the active site in an enzyme molecule?
To participate in substrate binding and catalysis
What happens to the enzyme at the end of a catalyzed reaction?
It returns to its original state
What is the unit of measurement for enzyme activity?
International Units (IU)
What is the term for an enzyme that acts on one substrate only?
Absolute specificity
What is the term for the complex formed when an enzyme binds to a substrate?
Enzyme-substrate complex
How many times faster are enzyme-catalyzed reactions compared to uncatalyzed reactions?
103–108 times
What type of enzyme specificity refers to acting on a particular type of chemical bond, regardless of the rest of the molecular structure?
Linkage specificity
What is the term for an inactive enzyme that requires biochemical modification to be converted into its active form?
Zymogen
What is the purpose of compartmentalization of enzymes within specific organelles in the cell?
To isolate reactions and prevent competition
What type of enzyme specificity refers to the ability to act on a particular steric or optical isomer?
Stereochemical specificity
What is the term for enzymes that have different forms with the same catalytic activity, but differ in their physical properties?
Isoenzymes
What is the process by which a zymogen is converted into its active form?
Activation by removal of a polypeptide chain
Learn about the basics of enzyme activation, isoenzymes, and enzyme-substrate binding mechanisms, including the lock and key theory. Understand how enzymes work and their importance in biochemistry. Test your knowledge with this quiz!
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