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Questions and Answers
What are enzymes?
What are enzymes?
Protein catalysts of chemical reaction
What happens to proteins at temperatures above 40℃?
What happens to proteins at temperatures above 40℃?
Denaturation
What function do oxidoreductase enzymes perform?
What function do oxidoreductase enzymes perform?
Catalyze an oxidation-reduction reaction
What is the main function of enzymes?
What is the main function of enzymes?
Are enzymes specific for a substrate?
Are enzymes specific for a substrate?
What is enzyme kinetics?
What is enzyme kinetics?
What is the function of lyases enzymes?
What is the function of lyases enzymes?
What does a high number in serum usually indicate?
What does a high number in serum usually indicate?
What are inhibitors?
What are inhibitors?
What function do isomerase enzymes perform?
What function do isomerase enzymes perform?
What is sucrose?
What is sucrose?
What function do ligases enzymes perform?
What function do ligases enzymes perform?
What is the common carbohydrate in the body that sucrose is broken down into?
What is the common carbohydrate in the body that sucrose is broken down into?
What is the purpose of an enzyme in breaking down sucrose?
What is the purpose of an enzyme in breaking down sucrose?
What happens when a substrate binds to the active site?
What happens when a substrate binds to the active site?
What happens after the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex?
What happens after the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex?
What is released by the enzyme in the product-enzyme complex?
What is released by the enzyme in the product-enzyme complex?
What are the two theories of enzyme action?
What are the two theories of enzyme action?
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Study Notes
Enzymes Basics
- Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze chemical reactions in living organisms.
Enzyme Properties
- Proteins denature (unfold) at temperatures above 40°C, leading to loss of enzyme activity.
- Enzymes are highly specific for a particular substrate (substrate specificity).
Enzyme Classification
- Oxidoreductase enzymes catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions.
- Lyases enzymes cleave various chemical bonds without hydrolysis or oxidation.
- Isomerase enzymes catalyze the interconversion of isomers.
- Ligases enzymes catalyze the formation of covalent bonds between molecules.
Enzyme Function
- The main function of enzymes is to increase the rates of chemical reactions in biological systems.
- Enzyme kinetics is the study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
Inhibitors and Regulation
- Inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity.
- Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric site.
Carbohydrates and Sucrose
- Sucrose is a common carbohydrate that is broken down into glucose and fructose in the body.
- The purpose of an enzyme (sucrase) in breaking down sucrose is to convert it into easily absorbable sugars.
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
- When a substrate binds to the active site, an enzyme-substrate complex is formed.
- The enzyme-substrate complex then undergoes a conformational change, positioning the substrate for catalysis.
- After the reaction, the product is released, and the enzyme is regenerated from the product-enzyme complex.
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