Questions and Answers
What suffix is found on most enzymes?
What is activation energy?
The required input of energy needed to break and reform bonds in a chemical reaction.
How do enzymes change activation energy?
Enzymes lower activation energy in order to speed up the chemical reaction rate.
Do enzymes speed up or slow down chemical reactions?
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What happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a chemical reaction?
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Enzymes react with any reaction or are they specific?
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What is the difference between a catalyst and an enzyme?
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What does inhibit mean?
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What is the active site?
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What is optimum in the context of enzymes?
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Enzymes are composed of _________________ monomers/building blocks.
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What portion of the enzyme-substrate complex is not used up during a chemical reaction?
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What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
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Enzymes make reactions go _____ by __________ the activation energy of the reaction.
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True or False: Enzymes are fatty acid catalysts.
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In catalyzed reactions, the reactants are converted into products much slower than they would without a catalyst.
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Chemical reactions possess an activation energy barrier that must be overcome for the reaction to occur.
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Why can't living cells use heat to provide activation energy for their reactions?
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Living cells can rely on high levels of heat as a source of activation energy.
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Defined, a substrate is:
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The substrate binds to a particular site on the enzyme to which it is attracted.
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The substrate and active site must contain distinctive shapes for binding to occur.
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An increase in temperature results in an:
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Every enzyme has an optimal temperature and pH.
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What factors can denature enzymes?
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What are common characteristics of enzymes?
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What are the 4 factors that affect enzyme reaction rate?
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Study Notes
Enzyme Fundamentals
- Most enzymes have the suffix -ase.
- Enzymes lower activation energy to increase the rate of chemical reactions.
- Enzymes speed up chemical reactions and remain unchanged after catalyzing a reaction, allowing reuse.
Enzyme Specificity and Function
- Enzymes are specific and do not react with every potential reaction.
- Enzymes act as biological catalysts, while catalysts can be both biological and non-biological.
- The active site is where reactants (substrates) bind to the enzyme.
Activation Energy and Reactions
- Activation energy is the energy required to break and reform bonds in a reaction.
- Heat is not a viable source for activation energy in living cells due to the risk of protein denaturation and functional loss.
Optimal Conditions for Enzyme Activity
- Enzymes have an optimum state where they function most effectively, which includes specific temperature and pH levels.
- Every enzyme possesses an optimal temperature and pH for activity, which varies among different enzymes.
Denaturation and Stability
- An enzyme's shape is crucial for function; denaturation leads to loss of shape and activity.
- Factors that can cause denaturation include temperature, pH, and salt concentrations.
Reaction Characteristics
- The substrate is the reactant that enzymes act upon.
- Specificity in binding occurs because the substrate and active site have complementary shapes, essential for interaction.
- Enzymes have distinctive characteristics such as being proteins, having specific substrates, forming enzyme-substrate complexes, and being reusable.
Factors Influencing Enzyme Activity
- Factors affecting enzyme reaction rates include pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts about enzymes, including their structure, function, and the factors affecting their activity. Test your understanding of enzyme specificity, activation energy, and optimal conditions for enzyme function. Perfect for students studying biology or biochemistry.
