Environmental Toxicology and Antidotal Therapy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are signs of cholinergic syndromes?

  • Hypertension and tachycardia
  • Hyperthermia and excessive sweating
  • Hypotension and bradycardia
  • Muscle twitching and weakness (correct)

What is the treatment for cholinergic syndromes caused by organophosphates?

  • Physostigmine and atropine
  • Atropine only
  • Pralidoxime (2-PAM) only
  • Pralidoxime (2-PAM) and atropine (correct)

Which non-specific antidote limits drug absorption but is not as efficacious if the drug is rapidly absorbed?

  • Activated charcoal (correct)
  • Syrup of ipecac
  • Whole-bowel irrigation
  • Gastric lavage

Which toxic syndrome is characterized by signs such as hypotension, bradycardia, coma, respiratory depression, miosis, and CNS depression?

<p>Opiates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common cause of sympathomimetic toxic syndrome?

<p>Cocaine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which specific antidote may be used for the treatment of non-opiate toxic syndrome?

<p>Flumazenil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for sympathomimetic toxic syndrome with seizures?

<p>Benzodiazepines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of LD50 in toxicology?

<p>The dose that produces death in 50% of treated animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a specific antidote in toxicology?

<p>British Anti-Lewisite; BAL (Dimercaprol) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does NOAEL stand for in toxicology?

<p>No Observed Adverse Effect Level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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