Environmental Science

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which of the following is NOT part of environmental science

all of these are part of environmental science (correct)

humanities

social sciences

natural sciences

which of the following describes the approach of empirical science?

measures models, not the real world

investigates by observation only

investigates by experiment and observation (correct)

investigates by experiment only

when people are using a common resource such as water, some will act in a way to maximize it to their own benefit ("if I don't use it, someone else will"), this resource becomes overused or damaged. this is known as:

social traps

regulation

anthropocentric factor

tragedy of the commons (correct)

which environmental worldview describes seeing the world defined through only human values?

anthropocentrism Signup and view all the answers

specific resources often become so critical that their availability influences the size and distribution of a population. these types of resources are called:

limiting factors Signup and view all the answers

the process which converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use is:

nitrogen fixation Signup and view all the answers

which of the following is NOT scientifically testable

why do humans need to protect bats from WNS? Signup and view all the answers

in the bat experiment, the researcher monitors the ___ to see if the experiment changes in value(s).

dependent variable Signup and view all the answers

a group of organisms that can generally only interbreed among themselves is known as a/an:

species Signup and view all the answers

this describes the location and spacing of individuals within their habitat or range:

population distribution Signup and view all the answers

the wolves were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park. to measure their success, biologists monitored their ___, the number of individuals per unit area.

population density Signup and view all the answers

a populations growth rate is dependent on:

birth rate and death rate Signup and view all the answers

what can be a problem if population size is too low

genetic diversity can decrease Signup and view all the answers

the strategy that creates walkable communities with lower environmental impact is:

smart growth Signup and view all the answers

in order for urban areas to grow in a sustainable way, a city might establish outer city limits beyond which major development is allowed. these limits are known as:

urban growth boundaries Signup and view all the answers

which of the following is an example of a noncommunicatible disease?

diabetes Signup and view all the answers

a toxic substance that causes cancer after repeated exposure is a(n):

mutagen Signup and view all the answers

which substance would be LEAST toxic based on the LD50?

substance X - LD50 = 100mg Signup and view all the answers

which of the following describes sustainable use of a resource?

using a resource without using it up Signup and view all the answers

if we use fewer resources than the natural interest produces each year, this use would be considered:

sustainable Signup and view all the answers

which of the following sets regulations for emission limits that are strongly enforced?

command-and-control programs Signup and view all the answers

which of the following is true about the cap and trade program?

companies that emit less than the allowable amount of the pollutant receive a credit that can be traded or sold Signup and view all the answers

which of the following is an international agreement that represents a position on an issue and sets goals for countries to sign on?

conventions Signup and view all the answers

most of the water used by humans comes from:

groundwater reserves Signup and view all the answers

which type of technology has the least environmental impact?

recycling wastewater Signup and view all the answers

what is the most common MSW disposal method used in the United States today?

landfilling Signup and view all the answers

which sector uses the majority of the world's water?

agriculture Signup and view all the answers

when coming up with solutions for environmental issues, the triple bottom line states that it must be:

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

which of the following is a cause of wicked problems?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

what worldview believes that all organisms have value, regardless of their harm or benefit to humans?

biocentric worldview Signup and view all the answers

out of all the listed processes, which of the following lists the description: "sugars break down energy through oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct"

cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

which of the following worldviews believes that the values should be placed on intact ecosystems not just the individual parts?

ecocentric worldview Signup and view all the answers

a critical characteristic of a hypothesis is that it must be:

falsifiable Signup and view all the answers

viewing forests as only a source of timber is an example of what worldview?

anthropocentric Signup and view all the answers

which group is used in an experimental study that is artificially manipulated to differ in a single distinct way?

test group Signup and view all the answers

in a forest ecosystem, what term describes the arrangement of trees uniformly spaced across the landscape?

regular Signup and view all the answers

true / false: a theory cannot be edited once it is stated.

False Signup and view all the answers

what type of distribution describes individuals spread out over the environment irregularly?

random Signup and view all the answers

which is NOT an example of a density dependent limiting factor?

natural disasters Signup and view all the answers

changes over time in a population size and composition are known as:

population dynamics Signup and view all the answers

what term is "resources individuals need to survive and reproduce that allow a population to grow in number"?

growth factors Signup and view all the answers

there must be 34 sharks to prevent local extinction. this is an example of:

minimum viable population Signup and view all the answers

what is it called when a species grows a proportional amount each breeding cycle? with a J curve on the graph.

exponential growth Signup and view all the answers

true / false: a population that is too small may fail due to reduced genetic diversity.

True Signup and view all the answers

what causes a population to achieve logistic population growth curve?

population approaches carrying capacity Signup and view all the answers

which of these is NOT a problem due to high population size?

inbreeding Signup and view all the answers

which of these years had the lowest human population

1930 Signup and view all the answers

which is NOT a pattern of high biotic potential?

logistic growth Signup and view all the answers

which of the following years had the highest human population growth rate?

1963 Signup and view all the answers

the total number of different species in a community is called:

species richness Signup and view all the answers

what is the term used to describe a simple, linear path starting with a plant or other photosynthetic organism that identifies what each organism in the path eats

food chain Signup and view all the answers

grass converts solar energy into chemical energy. a bunny eats the grass. a snake eats the bunny. a bird eats the snake. which is the secondary consumer

snake Signup and view all the answers

which is NOT a characteristic of a K-selected organism?

early maturity Signup and view all the answers

true / false: endemic species are native to an area and can be found elsewhere.

False Signup and view all the answers

true / false: the number of unique species decreases with isolation

False Signup and view all the answers

true / false: essential ecological processes that make life on earth possible are called ecosystem services

True Signup and view all the answers

which human activity causes the BIGGEST threat to biodiversity today?

over harvesting (plants and animals) Signup and view all the answers

what is the correct definition of endemic species?

a species that is native to a particular area and is not naturally found elsewhere Signup and view all the answers

what is instrumental value?

an object's or species' worth, based on its usefulness to humans Signup and view all the answers

what is the percentage of all the species that have ever lived on the planet and have gone extinct?

99% Signup and view all the answers

which of the following is NOT an ecosystem regulation or support?

nutrient cycling Signup and view all the answers

what causes a population to change in numbers?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

what key term defines "an object's or species worth, based on its mere existence; it has an inherent right to exist.

inartistic value Signup and view all the answers

true / false: biodiversity is the variety of life on earth, including species, genetic and ecological diversity.

True Signup and view all the answers

true / false: endemic species are native to all areas and naturally found elsewhere

False Signup and view all the answers

densely populated regions that include cities and the suburbs that surround them are called:

urban areas Signup and view all the answers

who has a higher carbon footprint?

a 20 year old living in a small town Signup and view all the answers

true / false: pigeons are an example of an endemic species

False Signup and view all the answers

what is cause of urban flight?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

green roofs are one type of rain garden, an area seeded with plants suited to local temperature and rainfall conditions. what are the benefits of green roofs?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

which is an advantage of urbanization?

lower impact per person Signup and view all the answers

which of the following stages of demographic transition describes when birth rates begin to fall but are still outnumbering the rate of deaths (population is still growing but at a slower rate)?

mature industrial Signup and view all the answers

which toxic substance is responsible for birth defects?

teratogen Signup and view all the answers

true / false: environmental justice is a concept that access to a clean, healthy environment is a basic human right

True Signup and view all the answers

true / false: urban areas are densely populated regions that include cities and the suburbs that surround them

True Signup and view all the answers

true / false: urbanization is the growth of urban areas

True Signup and view all the answers

which of the following do urban green strategies benefit?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

claiming environmental benefits about a product when the benefits are actually minor or nonexistent is called:

greenwashing Signup and view all the answers

true / false: urban green lands is limited to only certain people

False Signup and view all the answers

true / false: the IPAT equation includes impact, affluence, population and technology

True Signup and view all the answers

true / false: chronic effect is a reaction that occurs rapidly after exposure to a toxic substance has occurred

False Signup and view all the answers

Environmental Science

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Questions and Answers

which of the following is NOT part of environmental science

which of the following describes the approach of empirical science?

when people are using a common resource such as water, some will act in a way to maximize it to their own benefit ("if I don't use it, someone else will"), this resource becomes overused or damaged. this is known as:

which environmental worldview describes seeing the world defined through only human values?

specific resources often become so critical that their availability influences the size and distribution of a population. these types of resources are called:

the process which converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use is:

which of the following is NOT scientifically testable

in the bat experiment, the researcher monitors the ___ to see if the experiment changes in value(s).

a group of organisms that can generally only interbreed among themselves is known as a/an:

this describes the location and spacing of individuals within their habitat or range:

the wolves were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park. to measure their success, biologists monitored their ___, the number of individuals per unit area.

a populations growth rate is dependent on:

what can be a problem if population size is too low

the strategy that creates walkable communities with lower environmental impact is:

in order for urban areas to grow in a sustainable way, a city might establish outer city limits beyond which major development is allowed. these limits are known as:

which of the following is an example of a noncommunicatible disease?

a toxic substance that causes cancer after repeated exposure is a(n):

which substance would be LEAST toxic based on the LD50?

which of the following describes sustainable use of a resource?

if we use fewer resources than the natural interest produces each year, this use would be considered:

which of the following sets regulations for emission limits that are strongly enforced?

which of the following is true about the cap and trade program?

which of the following is an international agreement that represents a position on an issue and sets goals for countries to sign on?

most of the water used by humans comes from:

which type of technology has the least environmental impact?

what is the most common MSW disposal method used in the United States today?

which sector uses the majority of the world's water?

when coming up with solutions for environmental issues, the triple bottom line states that it must be:

which of the following is a cause of wicked problems?

what worldview believes that all organisms have value, regardless of their harm or benefit to humans?

out of all the listed processes, which of the following lists the description: "sugars break down energy through oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct"

which of the following worldviews believes that the values should be placed on intact ecosystems not just the individual parts?

a critical characteristic of a hypothesis is that it must be:

viewing forests as only a source of timber is an example of what worldview?

which group is used in an experimental study that is artificially manipulated to differ in a single distinct way?

in a forest ecosystem, what term describes the arrangement of trees uniformly spaced across the landscape?

true / false: a theory cannot be edited once it is stated.

what type of distribution describes individuals spread out over the environment irregularly?

which is NOT an example of a density dependent limiting factor?

changes over time in a population size and composition are known as:

what term is "resources individuals need to survive and reproduce that allow a population to grow in number"?

there must be 34 sharks to prevent local extinction. this is an example of:

what is it called when a species grows a proportional amount each breeding cycle? with a J curve on the graph.

true / false: a population that is too small may fail due to reduced genetic diversity.

what causes a population to achieve logistic population growth curve?

which of these is NOT a problem due to high population size?

which of these years had the lowest human population

which is NOT a pattern of high biotic potential?

which of the following years had the highest human population growth rate?

the total number of different species in a community is called:

what is the term used to describe a simple, linear path starting with a plant or other photosynthetic organism that identifies what each organism in the path eats

grass converts solar energy into chemical energy. a bunny eats the grass. a snake eats the bunny. a bird eats the snake. which is the secondary consumer

which is NOT a characteristic of a K-selected organism?

true / false: endemic species are native to an area and can be found elsewhere.

true / false: the number of unique species decreases with isolation

true / false: essential ecological processes that make life on earth possible are called ecosystem services

which human activity causes the BIGGEST threat to biodiversity today?

what is the correct definition of endemic species?

what is instrumental value?

what is the percentage of all the species that have ever lived on the planet and have gone extinct?

which of the following is NOT an ecosystem regulation or support?

what causes a population to change in numbers?

what key term defines "an object's or species worth, based on its mere existence; it has an inherent right to exist.

true / false: biodiversity is the variety of life on earth, including species, genetic and ecological diversity.

true / false: endemic species are native to all areas and naturally found elsewhere

densely populated regions that include cities and the suburbs that surround them are called:

who has a higher carbon footprint?

true / false: pigeons are an example of an endemic species

what is cause of urban flight?

green roofs are one type of rain garden, an area seeded with plants suited to local temperature and rainfall conditions. what are the benefits of green roofs?

which is an advantage of urbanization?

which of the following stages of demographic transition describes when birth rates begin to fall but are still outnumbering the rate of deaths (population is still growing but at a slower rate)?

which toxic substance is responsible for birth defects?

true / false: environmental justice is a concept that access to a clean, healthy environment is a basic human right

true / false: urban areas are densely populated regions that include cities and the suburbs that surround them

true / false: urbanization is the growth of urban areas