Environmental Science

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which of the following is NOT part of environmental science

all of these are part of environmental science

which of the following describes the approach of empirical science?

investigates by experiment and observation

when people are using a common resource such as water, some will act in a way to maximize it to their own benefit ("if I don't use it, someone else will"), this resource becomes overused or damaged. this is known as:

tragedy of the commons

which environmental worldview describes seeing the world defined through only human values?

anthropocentrism

specific resources often become so critical that their availability influences the size and distribution of a population. these types of resources are called:

limiting factors

the process which converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use is:

nitrogen fixation

which of the following is NOT scientifically testable

why do humans need to protect bats from WNS?

in the bat experiment, the researcher monitors the ___ to see if the experiment changes in value(s).

dependent variable

a group of organisms that can generally only interbreed among themselves is known as a/an:

species

this describes the location and spacing of individuals within their habitat or range:

population distribution

the wolves were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park. to measure their success, biologists monitored their ___, the number of individuals per unit area.

population density

a populations growth rate is dependent on:

birth rate and death rate

what can be a problem if population size is too low

genetic diversity can decrease

the strategy that creates walkable communities with lower environmental impact is:

smart growth

in order for urban areas to grow in a sustainable way, a city might establish outer city limits beyond which major development is allowed. these limits are known as:

urban growth boundaries

which of the following is an example of a noncommunicatible disease?

diabetes

a toxic substance that causes cancer after repeated exposure is a(n):

mutagen

which substance would be LEAST toxic based on the LD50?

substance X - LD50 = 100mg

which of the following describes sustainable use of a resource?

using a resource without using it up

if we use fewer resources than the natural interest produces each year, this use would be considered:

sustainable

which of the following sets regulations for emission limits that are strongly enforced?

command-and-control programs

which of the following is true about the cap and trade program?

companies that emit less than the allowable amount of the pollutant receive a credit that can be traded or sold

which of the following is an international agreement that represents a position on an issue and sets goals for countries to sign on?

conventions

most of the water used by humans comes from:

groundwater reserves

which type of technology has the least environmental impact?

recycling wastewater

what is the most common MSW disposal method used in the United States today?

landfilling

which sector uses the majority of the world's water?

agriculture

when coming up with solutions for environmental issues, the triple bottom line states that it must be:

all of the above

which of the following is a cause of wicked problems?

all of the above

what worldview believes that all organisms have value, regardless of their harm or benefit to humans?

biocentric worldview

out of all the listed processes, which of the following lists the description: "sugars break down energy through oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct"

cellular respiration

which of the following worldviews believes that the values should be placed on intact ecosystems not just the individual parts?

ecocentric worldview

a critical characteristic of a hypothesis is that it must be:

falsifiable

viewing forests as only a source of timber is an example of what worldview?

anthropocentric

which group is used in an experimental study that is artificially manipulated to differ in a single distinct way?

test group

in a forest ecosystem, what term describes the arrangement of trees uniformly spaced across the landscape?

regular

true / false: a theory cannot be edited once it is stated.

False

what type of distribution describes individuals spread out over the environment irregularly?

random

which is NOT an example of a density dependent limiting factor?

natural disasters

changes over time in a population size and composition are known as:

population dynamics

what term is "resources individuals need to survive and reproduce that allow a population to grow in number"?

growth factors

there must be 34 sharks to prevent local extinction. this is an example of:

minimum viable population

what is it called when a species grows a proportional amount each breeding cycle? with a J curve on the graph.

exponential growth

true / false: a population that is too small may fail due to reduced genetic diversity.

True

what causes a population to achieve logistic population growth curve?

population approaches carrying capacity

which of these is NOT a problem due to high population size?

inbreeding

which of these years had the lowest human population

1930

which is NOT a pattern of high biotic potential?

logistic growth

which of the following years had the highest human population growth rate?

1963

the total number of different species in a community is called:

species richness

what is the term used to describe a simple, linear path starting with a plant or other photosynthetic organism that identifies what each organism in the path eats

food chain

grass converts solar energy into chemical energy. a bunny eats the grass. a snake eats the bunny. a bird eats the snake. which is the secondary consumer

snake

which is NOT a characteristic of a K-selected organism?

early maturity

true / false: endemic species are native to an area and can be found elsewhere.

False

true / false: the number of unique species decreases with isolation

False

true / false: essential ecological processes that make life on earth possible are called ecosystem services

True

which human activity causes the BIGGEST threat to biodiversity today?

over harvesting (plants and animals)

what is the correct definition of endemic species?

a species that is native to a particular area and is not naturally found elsewhere

what is instrumental value?

an object's or species' worth, based on its usefulness to humans

what is the percentage of all the species that have ever lived on the planet and have gone extinct?

99%

which of the following is NOT an ecosystem regulation or support?

nutrient cycling

what causes a population to change in numbers?

all of the above

what key term defines "an object's or species worth, based on its mere existence; it has an inherent right to exist.

inartistic value

true / false: biodiversity is the variety of life on earth, including species, genetic and ecological diversity.

True

true / false: endemic species are native to all areas and naturally found elsewhere

False

densely populated regions that include cities and the suburbs that surround them are called:

urban areas

who has a higher carbon footprint?

a 20 year old living in a small town

true / false: pigeons are an example of an endemic species

False

what is cause of urban flight?

all of the above

green roofs are one type of rain garden, an area seeded with plants suited to local temperature and rainfall conditions. what are the benefits of green roofs?

all of the above

which is an advantage of urbanization?

lower impact per person

which of the following stages of demographic transition describes when birth rates begin to fall but are still outnumbering the rate of deaths (population is still growing but at a slower rate)?

mature industrial

which toxic substance is responsible for birth defects?

teratogen

true / false: environmental justice is a concept that access to a clean, healthy environment is a basic human right

True

true / false: urban areas are densely populated regions that include cities and the suburbs that surround them

True

true / false: urbanization is the growth of urban areas

True

which of the following do urban green strategies benefit?

all of the above

claiming environmental benefits about a product when the benefits are actually minor or nonexistent is called:

greenwashing

true / false: urban green lands is limited to only certain people

False

true / false: the IPAT equation includes impact, affluence, population and technology

True

true / false: chronic effect is a reaction that occurs rapidly after exposure to a toxic substance has occurred

False

Test your knowledge on environmental science by identifying what is not part of the field. Challenge yourself to differentiate key focuses and major challenges in this important discipline.

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