Environmental Science Quiz

False (B)

lithosphere

<p>The four main spheres of the environment are the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lithosphere = The gaseous portion of the Earth Hydrosphere = The solid portion of the Earth Atmosphere = The liquid portion of the Earth Biosphere = The portion of the Earth where plants and animals are found.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supporting the growth of plants and animals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lithosphere provides the soil and rocks that support plant growth, while the biosphere, through the decay of organisms, contributes to the formation of soil. This creates a cyclical relationship for both spheres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soil and water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>heterotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposers = Organisms that break down dead organic matter Food chain = A linear sequence showing the flow of energy through organisms Food web = A complex network of interconnected food chains Trophic level = A feeding stage in a food chain, such as producer, primary consumer, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decompose dead organic matter and release nutrients back into the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hydrological</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen fixation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grass - Grasshopper - Frog - Snake - Hawk</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>food web</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature, Rainfall, Wind, Pressure, Relative Humidity, Cloud Cover, Sunshine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cold ocean currents lower the temperature of adjacent coastlands, potentially causing coastal deserts, while warm ocean currents raise the temperature, leading to warmer and potentially rainier climates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Barometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convectional Rainfall = Intensive heating, localized heavy rains, accompanied by thunder and lightning Orographic Rainfall = Moist air forced to rise over mountains, rainfall on windward slopes, rain shadow on leeward slopes Cyclonic Rainfall = Meeting of different air masses, warm air ascends over cold air, rainfall associated with fronts and weather systems in mid-latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermometers work based on the principle of thermal expansion. Liquids like mercury or alcohol expand when heated and contract when cooled. This change in volume is measured and used to determine the temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isoyets</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rain Gauge = Rainfall Anemometer = Wind Speed Hygrometer = Relative Humidity Wind Vane = Wind Direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convectional Rainfall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cloud cover reduces the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface and also limits the amount of heat escaping into space. This contributes to cooler daytime temperatures and warmer nighttime temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cyclonic or frontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature = Degree of hotness or coldness of a place or body Rainfall = Release of excess condensed water vapor from the atmosphere Relative Humidity = Amount of moisture in the air relative to the maximum amount it can hold at that temperature Pressure = Force exerted by the atmosphere on the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nimbostratus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the number of hours and minutes of sunshine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Af = Tropical rainy climates Cs = Warm temperate rainy climate Bs = Dry climates Df = Snowy and cold climate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is too simplistic. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>temperature and rainfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BW</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It incorporates complex climatic elements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.65°C for every 100 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in temperature with increasing altitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sirocco</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fohn Wind = Dry and associated with the leeward side of a mountain Mistral = Cold wind blowing from the north Cyclone = Depression with inward-blowing winds Anticyclone = High pressure with outward-blowing winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Land use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A line on a map joining places of equal temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>air</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chinook = Warm wind that raises temperatures in winter Tornado = Violent cyclone with a funnel shape Hurricane = Destructive storm found in the Caribbean Sirocco = Warm, dry wind from the Sahara desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doldrum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pressure differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isobars</p> Signup and view all the answers

The total surrounding of any organism, including physical surroundings and other living organisms.

The solid portion of the environment made up of rocks, soil, and minerals.

The liquid portion of the environment, including lakes, rivers, and oceans.

The gaseous portion surrounding the Earth, containing gases like oxygen and nitrogen.

The portion of the environment where plants and animals exist.

The mutual reliance between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of the environment.

The continuous process of water movement through the environment's spheres.

The process by which autotrophs convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into food.

A community of living organisms interacting with their environment.

Non-living elements in an ecosystem like soil and water.

Living elements in an ecosystem including plants and animals.

Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis.

Organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on others.

Organisms that break down dead matter to recycle nutrients.

A sequence showing how energy flows from one organism to another.

The feeding stages in a food chain.

A complex network of interconnected food chains.

The processes maintaining the flow of energy and recycling within an ecosystem.

Changes in the environment caused by natural forces.

Changes in the environment caused by human activities.

The atmospheric conditions of a place over a short period.

The average weather conditions over a long period.

A measure of how hot or cold a place is.

The release of condensed water vapor from the atmosphere.

The position of a place on Earth relative to the equator.

The height of a place above sea level.

Large-scale movement of seawater that affects coastal climates.

Shelter for thermometers to measure shade temperature.

Instrument used to measure rainfall.

Instrument that indicates the direction of wind.

Instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.

Rainfall caused by warm air rising, cooling and condensing.

Rainfall caused when moist air rises over mountains.

Rainfall from the meeting of different air masses.

A rough, bumpy cloud with pronounced waves.

A low, uniformly gray cloud that reduces visibility.

A dark, layered cloud known as a rain cloud.

A vertical cloud with a rounded top, typical in humid areas.

A towering cloud known for thunderstorms and heavy rain.

A climate zone within the tropics with high temperatures.

A climate zone between torrid and frigid, with moderate temperatures.

A climate classification system based on temperature and rainfall.

It's simple, objective, and quantifies climate boundaries.

Greek has three belts; Koppen has five and uses a quantitative approach.

Lines on a map connecting places with the same temperature.

The rate of temperature decrease as altitude increases, about 0.65°C per 100m.

An increase in temperature with altitude, opposite of lapse rate.

Air in motion, characterized by speed and direction.

A dry wind on the leeward side of a mountain, raising temperatures.

A warm, dry wind from the Sahara, affecting the Mediterranean.

A cold northern wind blowing towards the Mediterranean, often clear.

A tropical cyclone in the Pacific, frequent from July to October.

The force exerted by air on the earth's surface and objects.

Lines on a map connecting places with equal atmospheric pressure.

Tiny droplets of water vapor floating in the air.

Clouds formed at altitudes of 6000-12000m, including cirrus types.

Clouds found at 2100-6000m, like alto cumulus.