Environmental Science & Engineering Introduction Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are two ways that phosphate enters the oceans?

  • Surface runoff and river flow (correct)
  • Marine food webs and sediment formation
  • Groundwater flow and evaporation
  • Atmospheric deposition and volcanic activity

Which process makes sulfates available to terrestrial ecosystems?

  • Volcanic activity
  • Sulfur dioxide dissolution
  • Decomposition of living organisms
  • Weathering of rocks (correct)

How does sulfur dioxide from the atmosphere become available to terrestrial ecosystems?

  • Through marine food webs
  • By decomposition of organic molecules
  • As precipitation or fallout (correct)
  • By volcanic activity

In what form is atmospheric sulfur commonly found?

<p>Hydrogen sulfide gas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What human activity significantly impacts the sulfur cycle, releasing hydrogen sulfide gas into the atmosphere?

<p>Burning fossil fuels, especially coal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to some phosphate from marine food webs?

<p>It forms sediment on the ocean floor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial step in the nitrogen cycle where bacteria convert ammonium?

<p>Converting ammonium into nitrites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way human activity can alter the nitrogen cycle?

<p>Nitrogen fixation by legumes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of fertilizer runoff on aquatic ecosystems?

<p>Eutrophication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about phosphorus is NOT true?

<p>It is a component of proteins in living organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary form in which phosphorus is exchanged between the ocean and marine organisms?

<p>Phosphate dissolved in the ocean (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential effect of atmospheric nitrogen compounds on Earth's ecosystems?

<p>Eutrophication of water bodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of environmental science?

<p>Studying the interactions between chemical, physical, and biological components of the environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

<p>Fungi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main goals of environmental science?

<p>To understand how humans interact with the environment and find ways to mitigate negative effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of electrical engineering is directly related to environmental science?

<p>Renewable energy generation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach do environmental scientists and engineers employ when analyzing environmental problems?

<p>A system approach, considering the interconnections between various components (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fields is NOT directly mentioned as being part of the interdisciplinary study of environmental science?

<p>Biochemistry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way that water reenters the ocean in the water cycle?

<p>Through surface runoff and groundwater flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the carbon cycle, what process converts carbon dioxide gas into organic carbon?

<p>Photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the most common elements associated with organic molecules?

<p>Calcium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is responsible for the long-term storage of organic carbon in the carbon cycle?

<p>Fossilization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biogeochemical cycles is NOT mentioned in the text?

<p>Iron cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is responsible for converting nitrogen gas into a form that can be used by living organisms?

<p>Nitrogen fixation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of acid rain according to the text?

<p>Rainwater falling to the ground through sulfur dioxide gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary environmental impact of acid rain according to the text?

<p>Lowering the pH of lakes, thus killing many of the resident plants and animals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of acid rain on the man-made environment according to the text?

<p>Acid rain causes the chemical degradation of buildings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the rock cycle and the geologic environment?

<p>The rock cycle is a process that constantly transforms the geologic environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary message conveyed by the last paragraph of the text?

<p>The geologic environment is complex and constantly changing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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