Environmental Impact of Mass Production

What is the primary objective of efficiency in production?

Finding the quickest way to produce large amounts of a product

What is a consequence of increased demand and efficiency in production?

Destruction of coral reefs and marine biodiversity

What is a key point of contention between neoliberals and environmentalists?

The environmental impact of globalization

What is the primary goal of ecological modernization theory?

Protecting and enhancing the environment through globalization Signup and view all the answers

What was the intended goal of the Kyoto Protocol?

Reducing global carbon emissions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of measures like 'carbon tax' and 'carbon neutrality'?

Reducing environmental problems Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of global cities, according to Castells?

They are major nodes in global networks Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of global problems for cities, according to Bauman?

They are most severely affected by global problems Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of modernization theory?

It views global stratification as a result of technological and cultural differences Signup and view all the answers

What historical event is cited as an example of the spread of goods, technology, education, and diseases between the Americas and Europe?

The Columbian Exchange Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying assumption of modernization theory?

That anyone can attain affluence through development Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the city's inability to deal with global problems, according to Bauman?

Local politics becomes overloaded Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the concept of 'dependence' in the context of global economy?

The extent to which poor countries are conditioned by the global economy Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'core' in Immanuel Wallerstein's Modern World System model?

High-income nations that are the manufacturing base of the planet Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the 'core' and the 'periphery' in Wallerstein's model?

The periphery is economically dependent on the core Signup and view all the answers

What is the argument of critics of the dependence theory?

The world economy is not a zero-sum game Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ways in which the periphery remains economically dependent on the core?

Neocolonialism Signup and view all the answers

According to Cardoso and Felato, what was the driving force behind the development of Latin American economies?

Capitalist expansion in the United States and Europe Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motive behind the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) after World War II?

To ensure peace advocacy after the war Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the World Bank?

To eradicate poverty through funding specific projects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that gives the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) its influence?

The economic power and resources of its member countries Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the formation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?

To increase the price of oil and keep up with inflation Signup and view all the answers

How many rich countries are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)?

36 Signup and view all the answers

When was the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) founded?

1960 Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the Industrial Revolution on the working class?

Increased economic inequality and exploitation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle of capitalism?

Profit maximization and competition Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between capitalism and socialism?

Capitalism is based on private ownership, while socialism is based on collective ownership Signup and view all the answers

What was a key inspiration for the labor union movement?

Marxist principles of collective ownership Signup and view all the answers

What is a key goal of labor unions?

To improve wages and working conditions for workers Signup and view all the answers

What is a key implication of the idea that 'consumers will regulate things themselves'?

The market will self-regulate and optimize efficiency Signup and view all the answers