lecture 15- ecology
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Questions and Answers

What aspect of community structure is highlighted by the distribution of abundance among species?

  • Keystone Species
  • Species Evenness (correct)
  • Species Richness
  • Dominants and Rare Species
  • Which category of species in a community has high abundance or influence?

  • Dominants and Rare Species (correct)
  • Species Richness
  • Basal Species
  • Keystone Species
  • Which term describes species with outsized ecological impacts relative to their abundance or biomass?

  • Basal Species
  • Functional Groups
  • Keystone Species (correct)
  • Dominants and Rare Species
  • What are networks of trophic interactions among species in a community called?

    <p>Food Webs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to categories of species based on their ecological roles, such as trophic levels and guilds?

    <p>Functional Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the phenomenon where changes in one trophic level impact multiple other levels in a food web?

    <p>Trophic cascade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interactions involve negative interactions mediated by shared enemies?

    <p>Apparent competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to the variation in environmental conditions that influence species diversity and community structure?

    <p>Environmental heterogeneity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the situation where one species benefits from another's interactions without affecting it directly?

    <p>Indirect commensalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of interaction involves an influential predator species that has a significant impact on the ecosystem?

    <p>Keystone predation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept suggests that many endangered species are dependent on their host species for survival?

    <p>Sixth mass coextinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sixth mass coextinction impact biodiversity and ecosystem function?

    <p>It results in a loss of biodiversity and ecosystem function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial for comprehensively assessing the conservation status of endangered species according to the text?

    <p>Understanding parasite diversity and extinction risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do species interactions like competition, predation, and mutualism influence community structure?

    <p>They play a role in structuring communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of the sixth mass coextinction highlight regarding species within ecological communities?

    <p>Their interdependence and potential consequences of species loss on associated parasites and mutualists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept underscores the importance of considering parasite diversity and extinction risk in community ecology studies?

    <p>The sixth mass coextinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are host-specific parasites especially vulnerable to extinction?

    <p>They rely on a single host species for survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the extinction of a host species impact parasites and mutualists according to the text?

    <p>It can lead to the extinction of parasites and mutualists dependent on the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which integral components of ecosystems contribute to stability, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity?

    <p>Parasites and mutualists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In community ecology studies, what is often overlooked in relation to endangered species?

    <p>The potential consequences on associated parasites and mutualists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does species richness measure in a community?

    <p>The total number of different species in a community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does species evenness contribute to the balance in a community?

    <p>By describing how evenly individuals are distributed among different species in a community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do dominant species play in a community?

    <p>They influence the community by shaping its structure and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the biological structure of communities refers to the specific species present and their relative abundances?

    <p>Species Composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario would a community exhibit high species evenness?

    <p>If all species have similar abundance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of species plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of an ecosystem despite their low abundance?

    <p>Keystone species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do keystone species like sea otters and wolves regulate in their respective ecosystems?

    <p>Herbivore populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a tropical rainforest, which type of tree may overshadow other species and influence the microclimate below their canopy?

    <p>Kapok trees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between food chains and food webs in depicting the flow of energy and nutrients through ecosystems?

    <p>Food chains show one-way energy flow while food webs show multi-directional interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the disproportionately large impact that certain species like sea otters and wolves have on the structure and function of an ecosystem?

    <p>Keystone effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of community structure refers to the ecological role and habitat requirements of a species within its ecosystem?

    <p>Functional groups: Guilds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In environments with low heterogeneity or high levels of disturbance, what is likely to happen to species evenness?

    <p>Decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to species with outsized ecological impacts relative to their abundance or biomass?

    <p>Keystone species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives variations in species abundance and community richness along gradients?

    <p>Environmental gradients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can support higher species richness in areas with greater environmental heterogeneity?

    <p>Diverse habitats and resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may lead to lower species evenness in environments with low heterogeneity?

    <p>High competition levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to the relative abundance of different species within a community?

    <p>Evenness</p> Signup and view all the answers

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