Environmental Disasters and Emergency Response

Natural and man-made events.

To protect public health, safety, and the environment.

By causing injuries, illnesses, and exacerbating existing health conditions.

<p>They provide medical assistance and support for recovery efforts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because both can have severe impacts and require different response strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An MCI overwhelms a community's existing resources, while a general emergency can be managed with available resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multi-vehicle accidents and airplane crashes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proper coordination ensures efficient use of additional resources to manage the situation effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Existing resources help to manage emergencies, but insufficient resources may lead to a Mass Casualty Incident.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A large fire is considered a Conventional Mass Casualty Incident if it results in casualties exceeding local resource capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The severity of the event and the number of casualties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local Government Units (LGUs), National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), and Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triage prioritizes patients based on the severity of their condition to ensure that those in greatest need receive medical attention first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major natural disasters, such as hurricanes and pandemics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NGOs provide essential support services and resources during emergencies, working alongside government agencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Events such as major natural disasters, terrorist attacks, pandemics, or nuclear incidents constitute catastrophic mass casualty events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local Government Units (LGUs) are the first line emergency responders responsible for coordinating local emergency response efforts and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triage is the process of prioritizing patients based on the severity of their condition, ensuring that those who need immediate care receive it first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport is vital for moving victims to medical facilities efficiently and ensures timely care for those in critical condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Key agencies include NDRRMC, AFP, PNP, BFP, and NGOs, whose collaboration is crucial for a cohesive and effective emergency response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe airway obstruction is defined as complete or total blockage of the airway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common objects that cause airway obstruction include food items and foreign bodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiating between the two is crucial for determining the appropriate emergency response techniques.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immediate signs of choking may include difficulty breathing, inability to speak, and signs of distress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mild airway obstruction typically allows for some breathing and coughing, while severe obstruction prevents any airflow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One immediate sign is the person clutching their neck, along with a look of panic or confusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fist should be positioned mid-line, slightly above the navel and well below the breastbone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You should open the mouth to check for food, give two breaths, and then push hard in the chest center repeatedly for 20 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Back blows are recommended for infants who are choking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The skin, lips, and nails may change color, turning blue or gray.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freshwater causes water to leak into the capillary bed, leading to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saltwater draws fluid into the alveoli, potentially leading to surfactant destruction and respiratory distress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infants and young children are at risk due to their lack of swimming skills and supervision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Difficulty in breathing and severe coughing are two major signs of a submersion injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Dry drowning' occurs without water entering the lungs but leads to respiratory distress, while 'secondary drowning' involves water entering the lungs but shows symptoms hours later.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decompression sickness, or 'the bends,' occurs when a diver ascends too quickly, causing nitrogen to form bubbles in the bloodstream and tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen narcosis alters a diver's consciousness at great depths, impairing judgment and motor skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Head-first dives increase the risk of accidents and injuries upon entry into the water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring water depth is crucial to prevent injuries and ensure a safe diving experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Divers should remain vigilant to any changes in water conditions, such as currents or weather.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decompression sickness is primarily caused by ascending too quickly, leading to nitrogen bubbles forming in the bloodstream. It can be prevented by ascending slowly and using decompression stops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Barotrauma occurs due to a pressure differential between an airspace in the body and the surrounding water pressure. A common example is ear barotrauma during descent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen narcosis occurs due to the high levels of nitrogen under pressure, leading to impaired judgment and motor skills. Divers may experience confusion and a sense of euphoria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three components of the ABCs are Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. They are prioritized because maintaining airway patency is essential for effective ventilation and circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Classifying diving as a collision sport indicates that divers may encounter high force impacts, necessitating strict safety protocols to mitigate risk of injury. This impacts training and emergency preparedness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prioritize patients based on the severity of their conditions in emergency situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients tagged as 'IMMEDIATE' need urgent attention due to life-threatening conditions like shock or pneumothorax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A patient is classified as 'MINOR' if they are non-urgent and can walk, typically with minimal injuries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'EXPECTANT' tag is used for patients who are deceased or unlikely to survive, allowing for respectful management of their situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first step is to assess the patient's ability to walk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with respirations below 30 and able to follow simple commands are categorized as 'DELAYED'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A perfusion capillary refill time of greater than 2 seconds indicates poor circulation, prompting urgent assessment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The START system encourages the use of bystanders to assist in assessing and treating patients, optimizing resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mental status is assessed to determine a patient's ability to follow simple commands, impacting their triage classification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treatment should be initiated in the incident area if possible or after transport to a healthcare facility.</p> Signup and view all the answers