Entomology Quiz: Cockroaches & Houseflies
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary control measure for cockroaches?

  • Benzyl benzoate (correct)
  • Boric acid
  • Pyrethrin
  • DDT

Which order do cockroaches belong to?

  • Coleoptera
  • Hemiptera
  • Orthoptera (correct)
  • Diptera

What feature helps distinguish male cockroaches from females?

  • Color of the body
  • Long antennae
  • Size of the body
  • Anal styles on the 9th segment (correct)

Where are cockroaches primarily found?

<p>In dark and warm places (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diet do cockroaches have?

<p>Omnivorous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disease caused by cockroaches?

<p>Allergies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a cockroach's body is covered by a hard exoskeleton?

<p>Entire body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the cockroach's body is flattened?

<p>Body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of the housefly?

<p>6-8 mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the housefly's body bears the prominent compound eyes?

<p>Head (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mouthparts does the housefly have?

<p>Sponging type (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the housefly primarily contribute to the spread of diseases?

<p>By carrying pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by houseflies?

<p>Measles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What body part of the female housefly aids in reproduction?

<p>Ovipositor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one method used for controlling the population of houseflies?

<p>Spraying pyrethrum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the housefly's leg is involved in walking and ceiling?

<p>Pulvilli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of medically important arthropods in public health?

<p>Acting as vectors for diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of arthropods is characterized by four pairs of walking legs?

<p>Arachnida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a medically important arthropod known for transmitting malaria?

<p>Mosquito (Culex) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of effects can bites and stings from medically important arthropods cause?

<p>Venom-induced systemic effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is classified under Crustacea?

<p>Daphnia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is Sarcoptes scabiei?

<p>Arachnid (A), Mite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about medically important arthropods?

<p>They are all harmful to humans. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is associated with vector transmission by arthropods?

<p>Lyme disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do Sarcoptes scabiei typically lay their eggs?

<p>Below the skin in soft regions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medically important arthropod can cause allergic reactions due to its stings?

<p>Bee (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission for Sarcoptes scabiei?

<p>Close personal contact (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical characteristic distinguishes the adult female Sarcoptes from the male?

<p>Adult females are longer than males (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results from infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei?

<p>Severe irritation and potential eczema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of arthropod infestations?

<p>Improved public health (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common habitat for Sarcoptes scabiei?

<p>Soft regions of the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the front legs of Sarcoptes scabiei adapted for?

<p>Holding on with terminal stalked suckers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mouthparts do female mosquitoes possess?

<p>Piercing and sucking type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which regions are mosquitoes most abundant?

<p>Tropical and subtropical areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic differentiates the males from the females of mosquitoes?

<p>Length of the antennae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genus of mosquitoes is responsible for transmitting malaria?

<p>Anopheles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the typical size of a mosquito range from?

<p>3-6 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is NOT transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes?

<p>Malaria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the wings in mosquitoes?

<p>For sensory function and sound production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicates a feature of the abdomen in mosquitoes?

<p>It has 10 segments and aids in digestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Integrated Vector Management (IVM)?

<p>To manage vector populations using various control methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of vector control?

<p>Manual removal of infected persons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is an example of a vector for the disease Kala Azar?

<p>Sand fly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a reservoir in the context of vector diseases?

<p>It harms the host (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is effective in reducing breeding areas for vectors?

<p>Removing stagnant water sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using biological control strategies against vectors?

<p>They reduce the use of synthetic chemicals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can limiting exposure contribute to vector management?

<p>It significantly reduces infection risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do larvicides play in vector control?

<p>They target larval stages of vectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are arthropods?

Arthropods are a diverse group of invertebrates with jointed legs, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton made of chitin.

What makes arthropods medically important?

Medically important arthropods are those that directly or indirectly affect human health. They can transmit diseases, cause harm through bites or stings, or lead to infestations.

How are arthropods classified based on their legs?

Class 1: Crustacea (e.g., prawns, crabs) - Have five pairs of walking legs. Class 2: Myriapoda (e.g., millipedes, centipedes) - Have many pairs of walking legs.

How are arthropods classified based on their legs (continued)?

Class 3: Insecta (e.g., cockroaches, butterflies) - Have three pairs of walking legs (6 legs). Class 4: Arachnida (e.g., spiders, scorpions) - Have four pairs of walking legs.

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How do arthropods spread diseases?

Arthropods act as vectors for diseases caused by viruses (e.g., dengue, Zika), bacteria (e.g., Lyme disease, plague), and parasites (e.g., malaria, leishmaniasis).

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How do arthropods cause direct harm to humans?

Arthropods can directly affect humans through bites and stings, causing skin irritation, allergies, anaphylaxis, or venom-induced effects.

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List some examples of medically important arthropods.

Examples of medically important arthropods include: mange mites (Sarcoptes scabiei), cockroaches (Periplaneta americana), houseflies (Musca nebulo), mosquitoes (Culex, Anopheles, Aedes), bed bugs (Cimex), fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), and sand flies (Phlebotomus argentipes).

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Why are medically important arthropods a public health concern?

Arthropods are of immense concern in public health, affecting disease transmission, allergies, infestations, and venom-induced complications.

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Scabies mites (Sarcoptes scabiei)

Microscopic parasites that burrow into the skin and cause itching.

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Acarology

The study of mites and ticks.

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Scabies

A skin condition caused by burrowing mites, resulting in intense itching and rash.

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Gnathosoma

The body part at the front of an arthropod, typically bearing mouthparts.

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Pruritus

A condition characterized by a severe itching sensation, often associated with skin infestations like scabies.

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Setae

Hair-like sensory structures on the surface of arthropods.

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Anterior legs

Short, thick legs found on the anterior part of an arthropod.

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Posterior legs

Short, thick legs found on the posterior part of an arthropod.

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What is an arthropod?

A large group of invertebrates, like insects and crustaceans, characterized by jointed legs, a segmented body, and a hard exoskeleton made of chitin.

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Where do cockroaches live?

They are found worldwide, particularly in warm and humid areas, like kitchens and storehouses. They prefer dark, warm places.

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What are cockroach habits?

They are nocturnal and omnivorous, meaning they come out at night to scavenge for food. They eat a variety of things, including bread, rice, and even paper.

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Describe the basic body structure of a cockroach.

The cockroach body is divided into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. It's dorsoventrally flattened, meaning it's flattened from top to bottom. Male cockroaches are smaller than females.

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What type of mouthparts do cockroaches have?

Their mouthparts are adapted for biting and chewing, allowing them to eat a range of things.

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How are cockroaches' legs and wings arranged?

Each segment of the thorax has a pair of legs. The mesothorax and metathorax have wings, with the front wings called tegmina or elytra.

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What are some control measures for cockroaches?

Cockroaches can be controlled by using insecticides like DDT, Pyrethrin, and Gammexane. However, spraying should be done carefully as these chemicals can also be harmful.

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What is the distribution of houseflies?

They are found in both the tropics and subtropics, but their distribution is cosmopolitan, meaning they are found worldwide.

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What is the scientific classification of the housefly?

Houseflies are insects belonging to the order Diptera, family Muscidae, genus Musca, and species nebulo.

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Describe the physical characteristics of a housefly.

The housefly is characterized by an oval shape, measuring about 6-8 millimeters in length. It has a dark grey body with a yellowish tinge on the ventral side, four longitudinal lines on the thorax, and one black streak on the abdomen.

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What are the three main body segments of a housefly?

The housefly's body is divided into three segments: the head, thorax, and abdomen.

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Describe the features of a housefly's head.

The housefly's head is small, semicircular, and contains a pair of short, flexible, and highly sensitive antennae that act as chemoreceptors. It also has prominent, spherical compound eyes and a sponging mouth adapted for sucking liquid food.

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What features are found on the housefly's thorax?

The housefly's thorax bears a pair of strong, membranous wings and three pairs of jointed legs covered in hair.

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Explain the features of a housefly's abdomen.

The housefly's abdomen consists of ten segments. In females, the segments form an ovipositor for reproduction, while in males, the last segment functions as external genitalia.

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Why are houseflies considered a public health threat?

Houseflies are considered a serious health hazard because they can carry pathogens of many dangerous and infectious diseases, including dysentery, anthrax, diarrhea, typhoid, tuberculosis, and cholera.

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Describe some methods for controlling housefly populations.

Housefly control measures include destroying adult flies through mechanical or chemical methods (like spraying pyrethrum or tugone) and preventing breeding by using mechanical or chemical methods (like sprinkling lime or formalin).

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What is a mosquito's basic morphology?

Mosquitoes are small (3-6 mm long), slender insects with a soft body covered in scales.

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Where do mosquitoes belong in the classification system?

Mosquitoes are classified within the Insecta class, Diptera order, and Culicidae family.

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Which sex of mosquito sucks blood?

Only female mosquitoes are blood-feeding; they have piercing and sucking mouthparts to extract blood from warm-blooded vertebrates.

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What mosquito transmits malaria?

The Anopheles mosquito, with its dark-spotted wings, is the vector for malaria caused by Plasmodium.

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Which mosquitoes spread dengue fever?

The Culex mosquito (Culex fatigans) and the Aedes mosquito transmit dengue fever.

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What mosquito transmits filariasis, causing Elephantiasis?

The Culex fatigans mosquito transmits the filarial worm Wuchereria bancrofti, causing Elephantiasis.

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What mosquito is responsible for transmitting yellow fever?

The Aedes mosquito transmits the virus causing yellow fever.

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What are mosquitoes' preferred living areas?

Mosquitoes prefer damp, marshy environments, with tropical and subtropical regions having the highest populations.

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What is a Vector?

Any living organism that can carry and transmit a pathogen from an infected individual to a healthy one.

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What is a Reservoir?

The primary location where parasites or pathogens reside and multiply.

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What is Integrated Vector Management (IVM)?

The strategy of combining different methods to control vectors, aiming to reduce the spread of diseases.

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What is Habitat/Environmental Control?

Managing the vector's habitat by reducing or eliminating breeding areas.

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What is Chemical Control?

Using various chemical substances like insecticides, larvicides, and rodenticides to control vectors.

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What is Biological Control?

Employing natural predators, parasites, or diseases to control vector populations.

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What is Reducing Contact?

Minimizing contact between humans and vectors to reduce the risk of infection.

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How are adult flies controlled?

The practice of destroying adult flies using methods like spraying pesticides.

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Study Notes

Medically Important Arthropods

  • Arthropods are invertebrates with jointed legs, segmented bodies, and exoskeletons.
  • They can transmit diseases, cause harm through bites/stings, or cause infestations.
  • They include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods.
  • They are important in public health due to their role in disease transmission.

Classification

  • Class 1: Crustacea: Have five pairs of walking legs. Examples include prawns, crabs, and daphnia.
  • Class 2: Myriapoda: Have many pairs of walking legs. Examples include millipedes and centipedes.
  • Class 3: Insecta (Hexapoda): Have three pairs of walking legs (six legs), including cockroaches, butterflies, moths, and honeybees.
  • Class 4: Arachnida: Have four pairs of walking legs. Examples include spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites.

Public Health Importance

  • Disease Transmission: Arthropods act as vectors for viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases.
  • Direct Effects: Bites and stings cause skin irritation, allergic reactions, and venom-induced issues.
  • Infestations: Can cause discomfort, secondary infections, and social stigma.
  • Economic and Social Impact: Arthropods can lead to lost productivity, increased healthcare costs, and strain on public health systems.
  • Irritant Pests: Disrupt human activity and living conditions, even if not directly transmitting diseases.

Examples of Medically Important Arthropods

  • Mangemite (Sarcoptes scabiei): Causes scabies.
  • Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana): Common household pests.
  • Houseflies (Musca nebulo): Carriers of pathogenic microorganisms.
  • Mosquitoes (Culex, Anopheles, and Aedes): Vectors for diseases like malaria and dengue fever.
  • Sand flies (Phlebotomus argentipes): Vectors for leishmaniasis.
  • Human louse (Pediculus humanus): Causes discomfort and secondary infections.
  • Bed bugs (Cimex): Irritant pests.
  • Fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis): Vectors for diseases.

Mangemite (Sarcoptes scabiei)

  • Distribution: Worldwide
  • Habitat: Burrows under the skin, especially in folds of skin.
  • Morphology: Microscopic mites with a distinctive body structure.
  • Mode of Infection: Close personal contact.
  • Diseases: Causes scabies, an itchy skin condition.

Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana)

  • Distribution: Tropical and subtropical regions, worldwide.
  • Habit: Dark, warm places in kitchens, storehouses.
  • Morphology: Dorsoventrally flattened body, segmented.
  • Diseases: Not direct disease vectors; carry pathogens.

Houseflies (Musca nebulo)

  • Distribution: Cosmopolitan.
  • Habit: Around human habitations.
  • Morphology: Oval shape, dark grey body, yellowish tinge.
  • Diseases: Dysentery, typhoid, cholera, tuberculosis, anthrax and diarrhea are diseases spread by houseflies.

Mosquitoes (Culex, Anopheles, and Aedes)

  • Distribution: Damp and marshy areas, globally, especially the tropics.
  • Habit: Nocturnal, females feed on blood of warm-blooded animals. Males feed on nectar.
  • Morphology: Different species have variations in coloration and body markings.
  • Diseases: Malaria, Dengue fever, Elephantiasis, and Yellow fever.

Integrated Vector Management (IVM)

  • Concept: A comprehensive approach to manage vectors.
  • Components: Habitat control, chemical control, biological control, and reducing contact.
  • Importance: Effective, cost-effective, ecological, and sustainable approach for managing vector-borne diseases.
  • Reservoirs: Sites where pathogens live in the body of animals prior transmitting to humans or animals.
  • Vectors: The carrier of parasites/pathogens that transmit diseases.

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Medically Important Arthropods PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the control measures, biology, and public health implications of cockroaches and houseflies. This quiz covers key features of these medically important arthropods and their roles in disease transmission. Perfect for students of entomology or anyone interested in pest control and public health.

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