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Questions and Answers
What is the main advantage of using adhesive traps in cockroach control?
What is the main advantage of using adhesive traps in cockroach control?
- They allow for early detection of population resurgence. (correct)
- They provide long-term protection against all pests.
- They have no negative impact on the environment.
- They eliminate existing cockroach populations instantly.
Which of the following insecticides has shown to be the most effective against cockroaches?
Which of the following insecticides has shown to be the most effective against cockroaches?
- Malathion
- Deltamethrin
- Chlorpyrifos
- Lambda-cyhalothrin (correct)
What is the purpose of combining insecticides with growth regulators?
What is the purpose of combining insecticides with growth regulators?
- To eliminate the need for protective equipment.
- To inhibit the normal growth of immature life stages. (correct)
- To increase the immediate toxic effect on adult cockroaches.
- To reduce the application frequency of insecticides.
What is a distinguishing feature of insecticide formulations that are considered contact insecticides?
What is a distinguishing feature of insecticide formulations that are considered contact insecticides?
Which biocontrol method is used for targeting Periplaneta americana?
Which biocontrol method is used for targeting Periplaneta americana?
What is a key characteristic of formulations that include abamectin and ortho-boric acid?
What is a key characteristic of formulations that include abamectin and ortho-boric acid?
What is the typical length range of adults of the species described?
What is the typical length range of adults of the species described?
What significant health risks are associated with this cockroach species?
What significant health risks are associated with this cockroach species?
How many eggs can females of this species produce in their lifetime?
How many eggs can females of this species produce in their lifetime?
Which of the following pathogens is NOT transmitted by Periplaneta americana?
Which of the following pathogens is NOT transmitted by Periplaneta americana?
What type of symptoms can allergies from this cockroach species cause?
What type of symptoms can allergies from this cockroach species cause?
How long does it typically take for nymphs of this species to complete their development?
How long does it typically take for nymphs of this species to complete their development?
What is a notable morphological feature of the German cockroach?
What is a notable morphological feature of the German cockroach?
What is the typical lifespan of Blatella germanica in domestic settings?
What is the typical lifespan of Blatella germanica in domestic settings?
What is the specific shape of the abdomen in this cockroach species?
What is the specific shape of the abdomen in this cockroach species?
What is the relationship between the length and width of the cercos in this species?
What is the relationship between the length and width of the cercos in this species?
Which characteristic is NOT typical of cockroaches in the Blattaria order?
Which characteristic is NOT typical of cockroaches in the Blattaria order?
What is a key ecological role of cockroaches in urban and nosocomial environments?
What is a key ecological role of cockroaches in urban and nosocomial environments?
Which of the following species is NOT mentioned as having clinical importance?
Which of the following species is NOT mentioned as having clinical importance?
What type of habitat is commonly associated with the majority of cockroach species?
What type of habitat is commonly associated with the majority of cockroach species?
How are the jaws of cockroaches adapted functionally?
How are the jaws of cockroaches adapted functionally?
Which feature is specifically noted about female Blatta orientalis?
Which feature is specifically noted about female Blatta orientalis?
In the context of the suborder Blattaria, which genus is NOT recognized as having public health relevance in Costa Rica?
In the context of the suborder Blattaria, which genus is NOT recognized as having public health relevance in Costa Rica?
What notable diversity exists within the Blattaria suborder?
What notable diversity exists within the Blattaria suborder?
Which physical feature is prevalent in cockroaches that helps in their environmental adaptation?
Which physical feature is prevalent in cockroaches that helps in their environmental adaptation?
What is the size range of adult cockroaches?
What is the size range of adult cockroaches?
How many days does it take for cockroach nymphs to complete their development?
How many days does it take for cockroach nymphs to complete their development?
What type of microorganisms can cockroaches serve as mechanical vectors for?
What type of microorganisms can cockroaches serve as mechanical vectors for?
What is the key physical difference in the appearance of male and female cockroaches?
What is the key physical difference in the appearance of male and female cockroaches?
What is the range of time intervals for the production of oothecae by female cockroaches?
What is the range of time intervals for the production of oothecae by female cockroaches?
Which of the following is NOT a bacteria that cockroaches can transport?
Which of the following is NOT a bacteria that cockroaches can transport?
What type of allergic reactions can cockroaches potentially cause?
What type of allergic reactions can cockroaches potentially cause?
What is the size range of the oothecae produced by female cockroaches?
What is the size range of the oothecae produced by female cockroaches?
Which of the following viruses can be associated with cockroaches?
Which of the following viruses can be associated with cockroaches?
In addition to carrying pathogens, what other impact do cockroaches have on food safety?
In addition to carrying pathogens, what other impact do cockroaches have on food safety?
What characteristic of Blattella germanica contributes significantly to its ability to establish large populations in short periods?
What characteristic of Blattella germanica contributes significantly to its ability to establish large populations in short periods?
Which allergen has NOT been identified in Periplaneta americana?
Which allergen has NOT been identified in Periplaneta americana?
Which statement is true regarding the reproductive patterns of Periplaneta americana?
Which statement is true regarding the reproductive patterns of Periplaneta americana?
Which of the following statements regarding allergens and asthma is accurate?
Which of the following statements regarding allergens and asthma is accurate?
What is the duration for which Blatella germanica carries its egg capsule before hatching?
What is the duration for which Blatella germanica carries its egg capsule before hatching?
What distinguishes the reproductive potential of Blattella germanica from other cockroach species?
What distinguishes the reproductive potential of Blattella germanica from other cockroach species?
Which factor influences the population dynamics of Periplaneta americana?
Which factor influences the population dynamics of Periplaneta americana?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana in terms of allergen sensitization?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana in terms of allergen sensitization?
What environmental factor can negatively affect the reproductive rate of Periplaneta americana?
What environmental factor can negatively affect the reproductive rate of Periplaneta americana?
What role does human living conditions play regarding allergic reactions to cockroaches?
What role does human living conditions play regarding allergic reactions to cockroaches?
Study Notes
Introduction to Blattaria
- Suborder Blattaria encompasses cockroaches, with over 4,000 described species; only 18 are recognized as domestic pests.
- Primarily found in Neotropical regions, especially tropical rainforests; adaptable to cold climates such as Periplaneta americana.
- Habitats include decomposing trunks, under rocks, leaf litter, caves, streams, and animal nests.
- Serve as mechanical vectors for fungi, viruses, and bacteria, significantly impacting urban and healthcare environments.
- Notable species affecting public health in Costa Rica include Periplaneta, Blattella, Rhyparobia, Eurycotis, Blaberus, and Archimandrita.
Life Cycle and Morphology
- Cockroaches in the Blattaria order have flattened bodies, measuring 10-50 mm, with hard, shiny exoskeletons.
- Characterized by small heads, long filiform antennae, and two pairs of wings; some species show wing reduction.
- Adult cockroaches undergo molts, with the nymph stage finishing development in 1.5 to 2 years.
- Female cockroaches produce oothecae (egg cases) containing 12-16 embryos, laying eggs 9-10 times throughout their lives.
- Important vectors for human pathogens, responsible for diseases like dysentery, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia.
Health Impacts
- Blattella germanica: Known as German cockroach, major household pest, living about 130 days; small (10-20 mm), with sexual dimorphism.
- Females produce oothecae containing 30-40 embryos every 20-25 days, with the potential for four to eight oothecae produced in a lifetime.
- Known carriers of multiple pathogens including E. coli, Salmonella typhi, and Giardia intestinalis, contributing to various infections.
- Allergens linked to cockroaches can cause reactions like sneezing, skin irritations, and potential asthma development.
Reproductive Characteristics
- Blattella germanica: Rapid reproduction due to short lifecycle; high fecundity allows quick population increases.
- Periplaneta americana: Population fluctuations based on food availability and environmental conditions; optimal conditions lead to growth.
Allergens
- Multiple allergens identified in Periplaneta americana (Per a 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9) correlated with increased asthma morbidity, especially in urban children.
- Both species, Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana, identified as allergens in patients.
Control Measures
- Integrated pest management approaches required for effective control, combining chemical and non-chemical methods.
- Use of glue traps aids in early detection; inorganic insecticides like Lambda-cyhalothrin show effectiveness against cockroach populations.
- Formulations containing growth regulators hinder immature life stage development, impacting reproductive capabilities.
- Powder formulations like boric acid and Drione powder provide protection in pesticide-sensitive environments like hospitals.
- Granular baits with abamectin and gel baits (0.03% fipronil) offer prolonged protection, with formulations from paints releasing insecticides gradually.
Biocontrol
- Natural enemies such as Evania appendigaster and Aprostocetus hagenowii used for controlling Periplaneta americana via parasitism of oothecae.
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Description
Dive into the fascinating world of Blattaria, commonly known as cockroaches, in this clinical entomology seminar. Explore their characteristics, behaviors, and significance in medical science. Join your fellow students in understanding this diverse group of insects.
