Questions and Answers
Size of cockroaches ranges from______to_______ and have long antenna, legs and flat____________
0.6-7.6cm or 1/4th to 3 inches, flat extension of upper body wall that conceals head
Adults of Periplaneta americana are about ____mm long with wings that
34-53 mm long, extend beyond the tip of the abdomen in males
Triangular head lies anteriorly at right angles to longitudinal body axis. Formed by fusion of ________ segments and shows_______
6, great mobility in all directions due to flexible neck
Head capsule bears a pair of compound eyes. A pair of thread-like antennae arise from ________
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______end of the head bears ____________type of mouth parts
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What part acts as the tongue?
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How is the head connected with the thorax?
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Match the following segments with their definitions:
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Brood or genital part in females formed by, anterior part contains
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In males genital chamber lies at hind end of abdomen bounded by- It contains- Males bear short thread-like anal styles.
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In both sexes, the 10th segment bears a pair of jointed filamentous structures called _________.
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Where is a pair of salivary glands present?
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Gizzard has outer layer of ________ and thick inner ___________. Entire foregut lined by _________.
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Ring of _______ blind tubules called Hepatic Caecae present at junction of midgut and foregut. Function-
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Ring of __________ thin yellow colored filamentous Malphigian tubules present at junction of midgut and hindgut. Function:
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Blood Vessels are- Haemolymph composed of-
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Heart is differentiated into- Blood from sinuses enter heart through ostia and pumped ___ to sinuses again.
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Respiratory system consists of___________. Tracheal tubes subdivided into Tracheoles, exchange of gases takes place at _______.
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Malphigian tubules lined by ___________ which absorb nitrogenous wastes to excrete through hindgut.
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Nervous system in cockroach consists of_______________. How many ganglia in thorax and abdomen?
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Brain represented by , which supplies nerves to_.
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Compound eyes situated at _______ surface of head with about ___________ hexagonal ommatidia.
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A pair of testis in _______ segments. Characteristic mushroom gland in _______ segments function as accessory reproductive gland.
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Where are sperms stored?
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Two large ovaries in __________ segments. Each ovary has ______________.
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Ootheca are 3/8th inch or 8mm long. On average females produce
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Paurometabolous development, with nymphs looking very much like adults. Nymph grows by moulting about __ times.
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Study Notes
Cockroach Anatomy and Physiology
- Size ranges from 0.6 to 7.6 cm (1/4 to 3 inches); characterized by long antennae, legs, and a flat body.
- Periplaneta americana adults measure 34-53 mm long, with males having wings extending beyond the abdomen tip.
- Triangular head formed from six segments offers great mobility due to a flexible neck.
- Head capsule features compound eyes and thread-like antennae originating from membranous sockets in front of the eyes.
- Anterior end of the head has biting and chewing mouthparts; the hypopharynx acts as a tongue within the mouthparts.
- The connection between the head and thorax is a short neck extension of the prothorax.
Wings and Reproductive Structures
- Forewings (mesothoracic) are opaque and leathery, covering the hindwings at rest; hindwings (metathoracic) are transparent and used for flight.
- Females have a brood or genital part formed by the 7th, 8th, and 9th sterna, containing gonopores and lateral glands.
- In males, the genital chamber at the abdomen's hind end is bounded by the 9th sterna and terga; it includes an anus and genital pore.
Digestive and Excretory Systems
- The alimentary canal contains a pair of salivary glands near the crop; the gizzard has circular muscle layers and chitinous teeth.
- Hepatic ceca (6-8 blind tubules) secrete digestive juices at the junction of midgut and foregut.
- Malpighian tubules (100-150) are present at the junction of midgut and hindgut, aiding in excretion of nitrogenous wastes.
Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
- Blood vessels are poorly developed and open into haemocoel; haemolymph consists of colorless plasma and haemocytes.
- The heart has 13 funnel-shaped chambers (ostia on either side) and pumps blood anteriorly.
- The respiratory system is a network of trachea opening through 10 pairs of spiracles; gas exchange occurs in tracheoles through diffusion.
Nervous System and Sensory Organs
- The nervous system comprises segmentally arranged ganglia, with 3 ganglia in the thorax and 6 in the abdomen; a supraoesophageal ganglion supplies nerves to antennae and compound eyes.
- Compound eyes, located on the head's dorsal surface, consist of about 2000 hexagonal ommatidia, offering high sensitivity and low resolution.
Reproductive System
- Male reproductive structures include two testes in the 4th-6th abdominal segments and a mushroom gland in the 6th-7th segments as an accessory reproductive gland.
- Sperm is stored in seminal vesicles and forms spermatophores.
- Females possess two large ovaries in the 2nd-6th abdominal segments with eight ovarioles, leading to a genital chamber with a pair of spermathecae.
Development
- Cockroaches exhibit paurometabolous development; nymphs resemble adults and undergo approximately 13 moults, with wing pads appearing in the second-to-last nymph stage before developing into adults with wings.
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Description
Test your knowledge about cockroaches with this engaging quiz based on Class 11 Biology NCERT curriculum. You will explore their anatomy, size, and distinguishing features. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of entomology!