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The ____________ module manages the acquisition of raw materials from suppliers.
Materials Management (MM)
The ____________ module maintains production information and schedules.
Production Planning (PP)
The __________ module plans and records quality control activities.
Quality Management (QM)
The ___________ module manages maintenance resources and planning for preventive maintenance.
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The ________________ module helps manage fixed-asset purchases and related depreciation.
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_____________ help companies streamline their interactions with customers.
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____________ means releasing the documents that the warehouse uses to pick, pack, and ship orders.
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____________ is the amount of the bars that can be produced.
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_______________ programs are core software used by companies to coordinate information in every area of the business.
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____________ is a collection of activities that takes one or more kinds of input and creates an output, such as a report or forecast, that is of value to the customer.
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A shortfall is called a __________ if data are inaccurate or not current.
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To avoid stockouts, management might carry extra raw material and packaging, known as ___________.
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___________ includes the computers, people, procedures, and software that store, organize, and deliver information.
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____________ are analyses that attempt to predict the future sales of a product.
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___________ recruits, hires, trains, and compensates employees, ensures compliance with government regulations, and oversees the evaluation of employees.
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The ____________ module records sales orders and scheduled deliveries.
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_____________ is the process of developing a prediction of future demand for a company's products.
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_____________ is the process of breaking down the production plan into finer time units.
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______________ began in 1977 as Software Development Laboratories (SDI).
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______________ uses demand management's production plans as an input for a production schedule.
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______________ determines the amount and timing of raw material orders.
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______________ is a list of the materials needed to make a product.
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_____________ refers to the process of determining production quantities for raw materials produced in-house.
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_______________ describes all activities that occur between raw materials and finished products on the store shelf.
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Study Notes
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
- ERP programs are core software used by companies to coordinate information across all business areas.
- Business processes involve taking various inputs to produce outputs valuable to customers.
- A stockout occurs when a company runs out of raw materials or packaging due to inaccurate or outdated data.
- Safety stock is an extra amount of raw materials and packaging kept to prevent stockouts.
- Information systems (IS) encompass computers, people, procedures, and software for storing, organizing, and delivering information.
- Sales forecasts help predict the future sales of a product.
- Raw data refers to unprocessed numbers collected from operations.
- Marketing and Sales departments set prices, promote products, take orders, provide customer support, and create sales forecasts.
- Scalability allows for increasing a system's capacity by adding hardware when needed.
- PeopleSoft was founded by David Duffield.
- Supply chain management involves planning production, ordering raw materials, receiving materials, manufacturing products, maintaining facilities, and shipping products to customers.
- Accounting and Finance departments handle financial accounting, manage accounts, plan and budget, and manage cash flow.
- Human resources (HR) departments recruit, hire, train, compensate employees, ensure regulatory compliance, and oversee employee evaluations.
SAP ERP Modules
- The Sales and Distribution (SD) module records sales orders and scheduled deliveries.
- The Materials Management (MM) module manages raw material acquisition from suppliers, inventory handling, and finished good shipping.
- The Production Planning (PP) module manages production information, planning, scheduling, and recording production activities.
- The Quality Management (QM) module plans and records quality control activities like inspections and certifications.
- The Plant Maintenance (PM) module manages maintenance resources and plans preventive maintenance to minimize equipment breakdowns.
- The Asset Management (AM) module manages fixed asset purchases and depreciation.
- The Project System (PS) module plans and controls new R&D, construction, and marketing projects.
- The Financial Accounting (FI) module records transactions in the general ledger.
- The Workflow (WF) module automates activities within SAP ERP.
- The Controlling (CO) module assigns manufacturing costs to products and cost centers for profitability analysis.
Key Concepts
- Return on Investment (ROI) measures an investment project's value by dividing its benefits by its cost.
- Delivery refers to releasing warehouse documents for picking, packing, and shipping orders.
- Pricing involves determining pricing strategies for different customers.
- Customer Relationship Management (CRM) helps companies streamline customer interactions.
- Capacity represents the maximum output a company can produce.
- Standard costs are normal manufacturing costs calculated from historical data and adjustments.
- Sales Forecasting involves predicting future demand for a company's products.
- Sales and Operations Planning (SOP) determines what a company will produce.
- Demand Management breaks down the production plan into finer time units to meet individual product demand.
Other Key Concepts
- Oracle, founded in 1977, is a major software company.
- Detailed Scheduling uses demand management's production plans to create a production schedule.
- Production uses the detailed schedule to manage daily operations, determining what to produce and staffing requirements.
- Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) determines the amount and timing of raw material orders.
- Rough-cut Planning is a general term for aggregate planning in manufacturing.
- The Master Production Schedule (MPS) is the output of the demand management process.
- A Bill of Material (BOM) outlines the materials and quantities needed to make a product.
- Lead Time is the cumulative time for a supplier to deliver an order from receipt to delivery.
- Lot Sizing refers to determining production or order quantities.
- Repetitive Manufacturing involves production lines switching between similar products.
- Supply Chain encompasses all activities from raw material origins to product availability on shelves.
- Initial fill rate is the percentage of an order fulfilled in the first shipment by a supplier.
- Metrics refer to performance measurements.
- SAP ERP software was previously known as R/3.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, highlighting their role in business processes and information coordination. Learn about critical concepts such as stockouts, safety stock, sales forecasting, and the impact of information systems in organizations.
