Enteric Protozoal Parasites Cryptosporidiosis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What defines groundwater under the direct influence of surface water according to the US EPA?

  • Presence of insects or other macroorganisms
  • Algae or large-diameter pathogens
  • Substantial shifts in water characteristics correlated with weather conditions
  • All of the above (correct)

What is source water in the context of water treatment?

  • Water collected from underground aquifers
  • Water from rivers and lakes
  • Untreated raw water used to produce drinking water (correct)
  • Treated water used in drinking water production

What percentage of the earth's surface is covered by water?

  • Approximately 50%
  • About 70% (correct)
  • Less than 10%
  • Around 30%

Why is most of the earth's water considered unusable?

<p>It is frozen in polar ice caps and glaciers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the remaining 1% of readily accessible water for human use?

<p>Surface freshwater sources like lakes and rivers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to water scarcity and water stress in certain regions according to the text?

<p>Demand for water exceeding available supply (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main sources of drinking water used by the human population?

<p>Rivers and lakes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is finished water as defined by Federal and State Water Authorities?

<p>Water delivered to the distribution system after treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of water system uses water extracted from an aquifer as its source?

<p>Groundwater system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much water does the average person in the United States use per day?

<p>About 100 gallons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the world's population lacks safe drinking water?

<p>20% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What poses a risk to public water supplies despite treatment of industrial discharges and sewage by most developed nations?

<p>Contamination with arsenic and some microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms of acute giardiasis?

<p>Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Cyclospora cayetanensis transmitted?

<p>Through ingestion of contaminated food and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common source of outbreaks involving Cyclospora cayetanensis?

<p>Fresh produce like snow peas and raspberries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium causes typhoid fever?

<p>Salmonella serogroup Typhi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is E. coli mainly transmitted?

<p>Contact with contaminated lakes, swimming pools, and water ingestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main symptoms of cholera?

<p>Vomiting and watery diarrhea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the infectious agent that causes cryptosporidiosis?

<p>Cryptosporidium parvum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with cryptosporidiosis?

<p>Muscle pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is amebiasis transmitted?

<p>Via the ingestion of contaminated food and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates asymptomatic from symptomatic amebiasis?

<p>Asymptomatic individuals do not excrete cysts in feces, while symptomatic individuals do (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protozoal organism is responsible for giardiasis?

<p>Giardia intestinalis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes giardiasis cysts particularly resilient?

<p>They have the ability to survive for long periods in cold water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two causes of viral gastroenteritis mentioned in the text?

<p>Noroviruses and adenoviruses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with norovirus infection according to the text?

<p>Cramping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are adenoviruses most commonly spread?

<p>Waterborne transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which viral pathogen can be spread via the fecal-oral route?

<p>Hepatitis A virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been linked to outbreaks of Hepatitis A according to the text?

<p>Consumption of raw or incompletely cooked clams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception mentioned regarding norovirus infection?

<p>It is caused by the influenza virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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