Enteric Colibacillosis in Pigs
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mode of adhesion of certain strains of E. coli to absorptive epithelial cells of the jejunum and ileum?

  • Through the possession of fimbria or pili (correct)
  • Through the release of hemolytic toxins
  • Through the production of Shiga toxin 2e
  • Through the formation of biofilms

    • Which of the following Salmonella serovars is most commonly associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in pigs?

  • Salmonella Choleraesuis (correct)
  • Salmonella Dublin
  • Salmonella Typhimurium
  • Salmonella Enteritidis

    • What is the primary difference between enterotoxigenic E. coli and hemolytic E. coli?

  • Enterotoxigenic E. coli produces Shiga toxin, while hemolytic E. coli produces F18 pili
  • Enterotoxigenic E. coli causes edema disease, while hemolytic E. coli causes post-weaning colibacillosis
  • Enterotoxigenic E. coli produces F18 pili, while hemolytic E. coli produces Shiga toxin (correct)
  • Enterotoxigenic E. coli causes post-weaning colibacillosis, while hemolytic E. coli causes edema disease

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of edema disease caused by hemolytic E. coli?

    <p>Edema of the submucosa of the stomach and mesocolon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of colonization by enterotoxigenic E. coli in pigs?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common presentation of Salmonella infection in pigs?

    <p>Generalized sepsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infections results in necrotizing nonsuppurative inflammation of the mucosa and submucosa of the ileum, cecum, and colon?

    <p>S. Thypisuis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the etiology of Porcine Proliferative Enteritis?

    <p>Lawsonia intracellularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by a coronavirus that infects and destroys villous epithelial cells of the jejunum and ileum?

    <p>Transmissible Gastroenteritis (TGE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission of Brachyspira hyodesenteriae?

    <p>Fecal-oral transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is characterized by hyperplasia and inflammation of the ileum and colon?

    <p>Porcine Proliferative Enteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of the 'controlled antigen oral exposure' feedback mechanism in Swine Coccidiosis?

    <p>Harvested scour-causing pathogens fed to sows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by a coronavirus that affects pigs of all ages and clinically resembles TGE?

    <p>Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary clinical sign of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)?

    <p>Watery diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Enteric Collibacilosis in nursing and weanling pigs?

    <p>Adhesion of E. coli to absorptive epithelial cells of the jejunum and ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following E. coli strains is commonly associated with edema disease in pigs?

    <p>F18ab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of action of Shiga toxin 2e in edema disease?

    <p>Intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a high protein diet on the susceptibility of pigs to edema disease?

    <p>Increases susceptibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Shiga toxin 2e?

    <p>Inhibition of protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following serotypes of E. coli is commonly associated with edema disease?

    <p>Multiple specific serotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name of edema disease?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of post-weaning colibacillosis?

    <p>Caused by K88 strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary age range affected by edema disease?

    <p>5 days to 2 weeks after weaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of F18 pili in edema disease?

    <p>Adhesion to epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the disease caused by Salmonella Choleraesuis kunzendorf?

    <p>Generalized septicemia with hepatitis, pneumonia, and cerebral vasculitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common feature of lesions caused by S. Thyphimurium?

    <p>Yellow round (button) ulcers in the colon, cecum, and less commonly in the ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Type C Enteritis caused by Clostridium Perfringens?

    <p>A highly fatal, necrohemorrhagic enteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary lesion of Swine Dysentery?

    <p>Microscopically spirochetes attached end on to the mucosal surface, giving the appearance of a false brush border</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Transmissible Gastroenteritis (TGE)?

    <p>A viral disease of the small intestine that causes vomiting and profuse diarrhea in pigs of all ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)?

    <p>A coronavirus diarrhea that affects pigs of all ages and clinically resembles TGE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Coccidiosis?

    <p>A parasitic disease of the small intestine that causes watery diarrhea, villous atrophy, and ulceration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common feature of lesions caused by Clostridium Perfringens?

    <p>Thickened small intestine that is lined with pale yellow and gray necrotic membranes tightly adhering to the submucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary age group affected by Type C Enteritis caused by Clostridium Perfringens?

    <p>1-5 days old piglets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common feature of Porcine Proliferative Enteritis?

    <p>Hyperplasia and inflammation of the ileum and colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enteric Colibacilosis

    • Caused by colonization of the small intestine by enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli
    • Common in nursing and weanling pigs
    • Infection in neonates commonly caused by K88 and 987P strains
    • Post-weaning colibacillosis is nearly always due to K88 strain

    Edema Disease (E. coli Enterotoxemia)

    • Also known as "gut edema" or "bowel edema"
    • Caused by hemolytic E. coli that produces F18 pili and Shiga toxin 2e
    • Characterized by prominent edema of the submucosa of the stomach and mesocolon

    Intestinal Salmonellosis

    • Caused by enteropathogenic salmonellae
    • Results in inflammation and necrosis of the small and large intestine
    • Diarrhea may be accompanied by generalized sepsis
    • All ages are susceptible, but most common in weaned and growing-finishing pigs
    • Salmonella Choleraesuis kunzendorf (S. choleraesuis) is the most common Salmonella affecting pigs

    Clostridium Perfringens

    • Type C Enteritis is a highly fatal, necrohemorrhagic enteritis caused by infection of the small intestine
    • Lesions include acute, peracute, and necrotic changes in the small intestine

    Porcine Proliferative Enteritis

    • Also known as Porcine Intestinal Adenomatosis, Proliferative Hemorrhagic Intestinal Enteropathy, and Ileitis
    • Common diarrheal disease of growing-finishing and young breeding pigs
    • Characterized by hyperplasia and inflammation of the ileum and colon
    • Caused by Lawsonia intracellularis

    Swine Dysentery

    • Caused by Brachyspira hyodesenteriae, B. hampsonii, and B. suanatina
    • Transmission is fecal-oral
    • Colitis (Porcine Colonic Spirochetosis/PCS) is a disease limited to the large intestine

    Transmissible Gastroenteritis (TGE)

    • Common viral disease of the small intestine caused by coronavirus
    • Results in vomiting and profuse diarrhea in pigs of all ages
    • Lesions include severe villous atrophy, malabsorption, osmotic diarrhea, and dehydration

    Swine Coccidiosis

    • Control measures include increasing farrowing room temperature, minimizing body heat loss, providing electrolyte solution, and vaccination
    • Treatment involves no specific treatment, auto-geonus Vaccine, and "controlled antigen oral exposure" (feedback) mechanism

    Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

    • Caused by PEDV of coronaviridae
    • Affects pigs of all ages, clinically resembling TGE in several aspects
    • Virus spreads by direct contact and infected fomites
    • Clinical signs include watery diarrhea, incubation period of 3-4 days, and colic

    Enteric Colibacillosis

    • Caused by colonization of the small intestine by enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli (ETEC)
    • Certain strains of E. coli possess fimbria or pili that allow them to adhere to or colonize absorptive epithelial cells of the jejunum and ileum
    • Infection in neonates is commonly caused by K88 and 987P strains
    • Post-weaning colibacillosis is nearly always due to K88 strain

    Edema Disease (E. coli Enterotoxemia)

    • Acute, highly fatal, neurologic disorder usually seen 5 days to 2 weeks after weaning, possibly accompanied by diarrhea
    • Caused by hemolytic E. coli that produces F18 pili and Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e)
    • Shiga toxin-producing E. coli implicated in edema disease most commonly belong to four specific serotypes
    • Stx2e produced in the intestine of colonized pigs is responsible for the major clinical signs and pathology seen
    • High protein diet increases the susceptibility of pigs to the disease

    Intestinal Salmonellosis

    • Caused by enteropathogenic salmonellae
    • Results in inflammation, necrosis of the small and large intestine, and diarrhea that may be accompanied by generalized sepsis
    • All ages are susceptible, but most common in weaned and growing-finishing pigs
    • Etiology: Salmonella Choleraesuis kunzendorf (S. choleraesuis) and S. Thyphimurium

    Clostridium Perfringens

    • Type C Enteritis: highly fatal, necrohemorrhagic enteritis caused by infection of the small intestine
    • Affects 1-5 days old piglets, but may occur in pigs up to 3 weeks old
    • Lesions: acute - small intestine is dark red and hemorrhagic, and contains a hemorrhagic exudate; peracute - gas bubbles in the wall of the jejunum; necrosis of the mucosa of the jejunum and ileum

    Porcine Proliferative Enteritis

    • Common diarrheal disease of growing-finishing and young breeding pigs
    • Characterized by hyperplasia and inflammation of the ileum and colon
    • Caused by Lawsonia intracellularis, a gram-negative, small rod-shaped bacterium

    Swine Dysentery

    • Caused by Brachyspira hyodesenteriae, B. hampsonii, and B. suanatina
    • Transmission is fecal-oral

    Colitis (Porcine Colonic Spirochetosis/PCS)

    • Disease limited to the large intestine that commonly manifests as a mucoid diarrhea in grower-finisher pigs
    • Lesions: microscopically, spirochetes may be observed attached end-on to the mucosal surface, giving the appearance of a false brush border

    Transmissible Gastroenteritis (TGE)

    • Common viral disease of the small intestine
    • Causes vomiting and profuse diarrhea in pigs of all ages
    • Etiology: coronavirus that infects and destroys villous epithelial cells of the jejunum and ileum, resulting in severe villous atrophy, malabsorption, osmotic diarrhea, and dehydration

    Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

    • Coronavirus diarrhea that affects pigs of all ages
    • Clinically resembles TGE in several aspects
    • Etiology: PEDV of coronaviridae
    • Pigs are the only host known to be infected
    • Virus spreads by direct contact and infected fomites

    Coccidiosis

    • Caused by 8 species of Eimeria, 1 Isospora (suis), and 1 Cryptosporidium (parvum)
    • Clinical signs: prevalent in neonates, watery diarrhea, yellowish to white, foul-smelling, weak, and dehydrated
    • Lesions: villous atrophy, ulceration, and fibrinonecrotic enteritis

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    Description

    This quiz covers the causes, symptoms, and characteristics of Enteric Colibacillosis, a disease affecting pigs, particularly in neonates and weanling stages.

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