Enlightenment Perspectives

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Questions and Answers

During the 18th century, the suburbs were primarily occupied by which of the following groups?

  • Poor and offensive tradespeople (correct)
  • Wealthy merchants
  • Leading business figures
  • Urban elite

Which group dominated the urban communities in the 18th century?

  • Leading business figures
  • Urban elite
  • Wealthy merchants (correct)
  • Professionals

Which factors led to hunger and discontentment in both urban and rural areas in the 1780s?

  • Poor grain yields
  • Looming national bankruptcy
  • Rising food prices
  • All of the above (correct)

Which of the following best describes the population dynamics in cities during the 18th century?

<p>High mortality rates and low birth rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of taste in 18th-century Europe?

<p>It defined a person's social status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key advancements in agriculture during the 18th century?

<p>Development of winter cattle feeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were women's societal roles affected during the Enlightenment?

<p>Their roles remained largely unchanged (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of death for children during the 18th century?

<p>Childhood illness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the 18th century, Europe experienced a transition towards

<p>The democratic age of inalienable rights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of people often had little in common with the Enlightened thinkers and Parisians in France?

<p>The rural communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspects of the life of poor European peasants were highlighted in folktales like Hansel and Gretel?

<p>The constant threat of hunger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the reasons for the pervasive sense of unease in Europe during the 18th century?

<p>The exemption of clergy and nobles from taxes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who had to pay taxes levied by royalty in France during the 18th century?

<p>The peasants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did small farmers in Europe often face due to the actions of rich landowners during the 18th century?

<p>Forced eviction from their small holdings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did cities in Europe need to do in order to grow or expand during the 18th century?

<p>Draw in the rural poor and unemployed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was E.P Thomas?

<p>A historian who examined the perspectives of lower class and peasants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the 18th century, what were some common parenting practices that were condemned?

<p>Swaddling and wrapping tight bonnets around a child's head (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the perception of upper-class women towards breastfeeding in the 18th century?

<p>They regarded it as crude and demeaning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were children mostly treated by their parents in the 18th century?

<p>With indifference (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the age range for compulsory education in the 18th century?

<p>7-12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country was the first to establish compulsory education?

<p>Prussia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some common forms of entertainment for the lower classes in the 18th century?

<p>Bloodsports such as baiting and cock-fighting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some common themes in the pamphlets read by the lower classes in the 18th century?

<p>Religious material, guides on cleanliness and nourishment, and entertainment literature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Estates-General in France made up of?

<p>Representatives from the clergy, nobility, and commons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of recalling the Estates-General in France in 1789?

<p>To solve the economic crisis and negotiate tax increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the 18th century, upper-class women regarded breastfeeding as crude and demeaning because they commonly used wet nurses and saw it as ______.

<p>indifference</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 18th century, many children failed to receive any formal education, with most of their education coming from their ______.

<p>parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 18th century, the lower classes in Europe were very ______ and would turn to magic to ensure the health of their child.

<p>superstitious</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the favorite themes in the pamphlets read by the lower classes in the 18th century was ______.

<p>hunger, sex, and oppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Estates-General in France were made up of representatives from the levels of society: First Estate Clergy, Second Estate Nobility, Third Estate Commons, and Fourth Estate ______.

<p>Press</p> Signup and view all the answers

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