English III SLA Quiz #2
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Questions and Answers

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? 'Mary Golda Ross is renowned for her contributions to NASA’s Planetary Flight Handbook, which _______ detailed mathematical guidance for missions to Mars and Venus.'

  • to provide
  • providing
  • provided (correct)
  • having provided

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? 'However, since uncovering fragments of a 2,000-year-old reindeer training harness in northern Siberia, ______ may have begun much earlier.'

  • researcher Robert Losey’s argument is that domestication
  • the argument researcher Robert Losey has made is that domestication
  • researcher Robert Losey has argued that domestication (correct)
  • domestication, researcher Robert Losey has argued,

What is the primary focus of Mary Golda Ross's work?

  • Uncovering historical artifacts from Siberia
  • Contributing to NASA’s planetary missions (correct)
  • Studying the genetic evidence of domestication
  • Exploring the training methods of reindeer

What implication does the discovery of the 2,000-year-old harness have on reindeer domestication?

<p>It suggests that domestication may have started earlier than previously thought. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is most supported by the archaeologists' findings regarding reindeer domestication?

<p>The evidence suggests that reindeer domestication has deeper historical roots. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the imagery of 'delicately colored hyacinths' suggest about the setting John's enjoying?

<p>It emphasizes the beauty and liveliness of nature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is implied about John's character from his desire to watch twigs sail downstream?

<p>He enjoys solitude and contemplating life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the apartment building designed by Gins and Arakawa is highlighted by their innovative features?

<p>The building aims to enhance physical and mental well-being. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the response of filmmaker Nobu Yamaoka contribute to the discussion on the building's design?

<p>It supports the notion that unusual living spaces can improve health. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the description of the kitchen counter being chest-high on one side imply about the designers' intentions?

<p>They aimed to provoke thought and awareness through disorientation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contrast presented in the discussion of Gins and Arakawa's building?

<p>Comfort versus disorientation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theme is explored through John's desire to follow the twigs downstream?

<p>Curiosity and the quest for adventure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the nature surrounding John's location is most emphasized?

<p>The tranquility and richness of flora. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which average was reported to be highest during the 1996–2001 period?

<p>Average number of managers reporting directly to their CEO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was found to be greater regarding department leaders over the studied periods?

<p>The average number reporting directly to their CEO (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor would most directly challenge Erin Foster's hypothesis about eelgrass meadows?

<p>Eelgrass in areas with large otter populations has lower reproductive rates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic did the Vancouver Island eelgrass meadows share that was hypothesized to benefit their health?

<p>They have a diverse gene pool. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as influencing eelgrass meadows' health?

<p>The distribution of nutrients in the water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What innate attraction is observed in social animals caring for their young?

<p>Attraction to faces and face-like stimuli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method did Elisabetta Versace and her colleagues use to study the tortoises' attraction?

<p>Images of three black dots arranged to resemble faces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hypothesis did Erin Foster propose about the eelgrass meadows concerning sea otters?

<p>Damage by otters enhances sexual reproduction and boosts genetic diversity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option best rephrases the focus of many critics on Kurosawa's work?

<p>Kurosawa’s use of Western literary sources has been the focus of many critics, who (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which choice correctly completes the sentence related to the Chickasaw Nation’s language revitalization?

<p>Basic, in 2009, an online television network, (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most logical transition to connect Ifemelu and Obinze's experiences?

<p>Meanwhile, (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which choice completes the sentence correctly regarding natural groundwater recharge in Hot Springs National Park?

<p>Springs, to (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What correctly completes the sentence describing Linda's experience in Bitter in the Mouth?

<p>possesses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option effectively conveys Ifemelu's situation after moving to America?

<p>Ifemelu feels lost yet determined. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which choice best describes the thematic role of food in Monique Truong's novels?

<p>Food represents cultural identity and connection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the consequences faced by Obinze after moving to London?

<p>Obinze faces challenges that lead him back to Nigeria. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What preference did tortoise hatchlings show regarding face-like stimuli?

<p>They exhibit a significant preference for face-like stimuli. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion can be drawn about newborns of social species that practice parental care based on the hatchlings' findings?

<p>They are likely to perceive face-like stimuli as harmless. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Putirka and Xu likely view the conclusions derived from atmospheric traces of lithium and sodium in white dwarf exoplanets?

<p>As questionable, due to an incomplete consideration of potential sources for the detected elements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What flaw do Putirka and Xu identify in previous studies of white dwarf atmospheres?

<p>They fail to account for the variety of mineral compositions that can exist. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinct advantage do microprobes have over NASA's rovers for exploring Mars?

<p>Microprobes are capable of accessing areas that rovers cannot due to their weight. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of diapause in African turquoise killifish eggs?

<p>To allow embryos to survive extended periods without water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the weights of microprobes compare to those of NASA’s rovers?

<p>Microprobes weigh less than rovers, making them easier to deploy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long can the embryonic development of African turquoise killifish be paused due to diapause?

<p>Up to two years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a significant implication of the supply chain interruptions for personal electronics?

<p>The economic forecasting for sales growth may need to be revised. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In discussing the filmography of Akira Kurosawa, what aspect do critics often overlook?

<p>His engagement with Japanese artistic traditions such as Noh theater. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the economist's assertion regarding the sales of personal electronics?

<p>Sales growth may still occur, but the timeline is extended. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains how diapause affects the survival of killifish embryos?

<p>It ensures the embryos can withstand harsh environmental conditions for extended times. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the relationship between microprobes and rovers illustrate?

<p>Both microprobes and rovers serve unique roles in Martian exploration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion would most likely be drawn about the studies analyzing elements in white dwarf atmospheres?

<p>They may lack comprehensive analyses of rocks not found on Earth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the state in which embryos of African turquoise killifish survive during adverse conditions?

<p>Diapause (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Face-like Stimuli Preference

Tortoise hatchlings show a preference for images resembling faces, indicating a potential innate attraction to face-like features.

Innate Attraction

A natural, inborn tendency towards something, in this case, face-like stimuli.

Social Species

Animals that live and interact in groups, often with complex social structures.

Parental Care

The provision of care and protection by parents to their offspring.

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Microprobe Advantage

Microprobes, due to their small size and weight, can explore areas of Mars inaccessible to heavier rovers.

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Supply Chain Interruption

Disruptions in the flow of materials and components needed to produce a product, like microchips.

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Robust Growth

Strong and healthy growth in sales or other economic indicators.

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Extend Time Frame

To delay a project or prediction, causing it to take longer to achieve its goal.

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Standard English Conventions

The accepted rules and guidelines for writing and speaking English, including grammar, spelling, punctuation, and usage.

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Verb Tense Consistency

Using verbs that consistently reflect the time frame of the event or action being described.

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Subject-Verb Agreement

Matching the verb form to the subject of the sentence in number (singular or plural).

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Sentence Structure

Arranging words in a clear and grammatically correct way to convey meaning.

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Parallelism

Using similar grammatical structures within a sentence or paragraph to create balance and emphasize related ideas.

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White Dwarf

A small, dense remnant of a star after it has used up its nuclear fuel.

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Exoplanets

Planets that orbit stars outside of our solar system.

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What was the study's objective?

To determine the composition of exoplanets that previously orbited the four white dwarfs.

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Why were white dwarfs chosen?

They are remnants of stars, allowing astronomers to study the remnants of the exoplanets that used to orbit those stars.

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What do the studied white dwarfs represent?

They represent the remnants of stars that once hosted exoplanets.

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What information can be gleaned from the studied white dwarfs?

The composition of exoplanets that once orbited those stars.

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How do white dwarf remnants help astronomers?

They offer insights into the composition of exoplanets that were once part of their systems.

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Astronomer Mark Holland

An astronomer who led a research team to study the composition of exoplanets using four white dwarfs.

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Sea otters and eelgrass

Sea otters dig for clams, which damages eelgrass roots. Paradoxically, Vancouver Island's healthy eelgrass meadows with a large otter population are healthier than others with fewer otters.

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Foster's hypothesis

Damage to eelgrass roots by otters promotes sexual reproduction, boosting genetic diversity and overall meadow health.

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Undermining the hypothesis

Finding evidence that contradicts Foster's hypothesis about otters and eelgrass.

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Correlation vs. causation

Just because two things happen together doesn't mean one causes the other. We need to be careful not to jump to conclusions.

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Innate attraction to faces

Newborn social animals (like humans) seem to be born with a natural inclination towards faces and face-like patterns.

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Testudo tortoises

A type of tortoise that lives alone and doesn't care for its young, used to test if face recognition is innate or learned.

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Versace's experiment

Using a simple image of dots, researchers wanted to see if Testudo tortoises, despite their solitary lifestyle, also show an innate attraction to face-like patterns.

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Innate vs. learned behavior

Innate behavior is present from birth, while learned behavior develops through experience and interaction with the environment.

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White dwarf atmospheres

The gaseous layers surrounding a white dwarf star, which are remnants of a star's outer layers after it has exhausted its nuclear fuel.

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Continental crust

The outermost layer of Earth's crust, composed primarily of granite and other less dense rocks, forming the continents and islands.

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Lithium and sodium

Two elements detected in white dwarf atmospheres, which are used to infer the presence of continental crusts on exoplanets.

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Putirka and Xu's argument

They criticize the conclusion that exoplanets have continental crusts based solely on atmospheric traces of lithium and sodium, arguing that this approach is incomplete and overlooks other mineral compositions and potential rock types.

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Diapause

A state of suspended development in some organisms, particularly embryos, where growth and metabolism are paused for a prolonged period.

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African turquoise killifish

A species of fish known for its ability to enter diapause during embryonic development, allowing them to survive harsh conditions.

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Noh theater

A traditional form of Japanese theater characterized by stylized movements, masks, and music, often depicting themes of mortality and the afterlife.

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Sentence Combining

The process of joining two or more shorter sentences to create a more complex and concise sentence. This is often done using conjunctions, punctuation, and other grammar elements.

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Conjunctions for Combining Sentences

Words like 'and', 'but', 'or', 'because', 'so', 'yet', 'while' that link together two or more sentences or phrases.

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Logical Transitions

Words or phrases that connect ideas and create a clear flow in writing. They help the reader understand the relationship between different parts of a text.

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Colons (:) in Sentences

A punctuation mark used primarily to introduce a list, explanation, or example. It signals that what follows is closely related to the first part of the sentence.

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Dashes (-) in Sentences

A punctuation mark used to set off parenthetical information or an abrupt change in thought. They can also be used to create emphasis.

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Pronoun Case

The form of a pronoun that is used depending on its function in a sentence. Different cases exist, such as nominative (subject of the verb), objective (object of the verb or preposition), and possessive.

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Pronoun Agreement

A grammatical rule that states that a pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number, gender, and person. The antecedent is the noun or pronoun that the pronoun refers to.

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Study Notes

English III SLA QA #2

  • Cambrian Explosion: The sudden appearance and rapid diversification of animal remains in the fossil record around 541 million years ago, during the Cambrian period. Some scientists hypothesize this is due to organisms evolving body types better preserved in fossils.

  • Wigner Crystal: A hypothetical crystal entirely composed of electrons in a honeycomb-like structure, posited by physicist Eugene Wigner in 1934.

    • This concept remained theoretical until 2021 when researchers created an image using electrons trapped between semiconductors.
    • Trapped electrons were cooled and settled into a crystal. A graphene sheet was placed over the crystal, allowing the observation and confirmation of the Wigner crystal.
    • The existence was confirmed by this method.
  • CEO Reporting Structure: A growing trend in recent years among CEOs to connect and interact with more departments within their companies. Research suggests an increased interest in connecting with more departments in order to obtain a broader array of ideas and perspectives.

    • Researchers analyzed data showing the number of managers and leaders reporting directly to CEOs.
    • Over time, the number of department leaders reporting directly to a CEO has increased overall.
  • Sea Otters and Eelgrass: Sea otters, even with large established populations, improve the health of eelgrass meadows.

    • The damage sea otters inflict on eelgrass roots, paradoxically, increases sexual reproduction and genetic diversity in the plant. This diversity benefits meadow health.
  • Newborn Animal Attraction to Faces: Newborns of various social species (including humans, chickens, and macaques) show an innate attraction to face-like stimuli.

    • This predisposition is researched in Testudo tortoises (tortoises) who exhibit a preference for face-like stimuli, hinting that it may not be solely an adaptation for social interactions or parental care.
  • Microprobes vs. Rovers: Microprobes, robotic probes weighing as little as 50 milligrams, offer an advantage over heavy rovers when exploring certain areas of Mars.

  • Because they're much lighter and smaller, microprobes can explore more areas than rovers which are much heavier, making it harder for them to land on the surface of Mars.

  • Interruptions in Microchip Supply: Interruptions in the supply chain of microchips used in personal electronics affect sales projections. Delays are likely to extend the predicted time frame of projections.

  • Voter Turnout and Political Information: More informed voters are more confident in their candidate assessments, and thus more likely to vote.

    • Studies have shown a correlation between a voter's confidence in their candidate assessments and their likelihood of voting. Voters with higher levels of political information tend to vote with higher probability.
  • White Dwarfs and Exoplanets: Analysis of wavelengths of light in white dwarf atmospheres suggests the presence of exoplanets with continental crusts similar to Earth. Scientists studied the presence of lithium and sodium in the atmosphere. Concerns exist about the analysis's scope concerning possible minerals or ratios of elements not seen on Earth.

  • Language Revitalization: Joshua Hinson, a language revitalization director, was instrumental in developing the first indigenous language instructional apps and course for the Chickasaw language.

    • In 2010, he created a Chickasaw language application(app), followed by a language course in the same language in 2015.
  • Reindeer Domestication: Archeological evidence suggests reindeer domestication began much earlier than previously thought. A 2,000-year-old reindeer training harness discovery challenges existing theories about domestication dates.

  • Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas: The park's geothermal springs are sourced by rainwater percolating through porous rocks, collecting in underground basins.

  • Food and Synesthesia(Novels): In certain novels, food and the sensation of taste serve as links to a character's memories and cultural identity. A character's taste sensitivity and experience of synesthesia evoke different sensations.

  • Choice Architectures (Jam Booth): Experimenting with the number of choices available can affect consumer decisions. Fewer choices can lead to higher purchase rates since the customers making a choice are presented with less complexity.

  • 24 choices vs. 6 choices were experimented with. Higher selections showed lower purchase rates..

  • Conceptual Apartment Building Design: Conceptual artists designed an apartment with elements that are more aesthetically pleasing than practical; intended to enhance awareness and potentially contribute to the well-being of residents.

    • Notable for its focus on aesthetics over functionality, the building was disorienting yet invigorating.

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Test your knowledge on key scientific concepts such as the Cambrian Explosion and the Wigner Crystal, as well as contemporary trends in CEO reporting structures. This quiz will challenge your understanding of these important topics and their implications in various fields. Prepare to dive into a mix of biology, physics, and business management!

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