27 Questions
Which core in the figure above has the most accurate arrangement of fossils based on the information provided?
core A
What factor most likely caused animals and plants in India to differ greatly from species in nearby southeast Asia?
India was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
What concept explains the evolution of complex eyes according to the text?
Complex eyes evolved through a series of steps that benefited the eyes.
How does continental drift explain the uniqueness of Australian fauna?
The subsequent separation of southern continents formed an island of marsupials.
What does the fossil record primarily show about the organisms that lived on earth?
Bias towards organisms with hard shells and skeletons
Which method is considered the most accurate for measuring the age of a fossil?
Radiometric dating
Which type of organism would be most likely to form a fossil?
A common squirrel
Which species would be least likely to appear in the fossil record?
Desert-dwelling species
If a fossil has 1/16 of the normal proportion of carbon-14 to carbon-12, approximately how old is it?
22,900 years old
Which event does the Cambrian explosion mark in the fossil record?
The appearance of filter-feeding animals
Which of the following is not a characteristic expected in the first animals to have colonized land?
Animals had lobe-finned fishes as ancestors
What does a sediment core from an inland sea aim to study?
Terrestrial organisms fossilized in the core
Which taxonomy level does the question about the first animals to have colonized land primarily test?
Application
What is the role of mitochondria in the evolution of eukaryotes according to the text?
To convert oxygen into energy for heterotrophic cells
What does the top of a sediment core from an inland sea represent?
The most recent strata
Which process was favored by natural selection according to the text?
Converting carbon dioxide into sugars
What is the main evidence presented against the claim that only microorganisms are found in geological strata older than the Cambrian explosion?
The presence of filter-feeding animals
What feature distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells based on the text?
Advantage of acquiring a nuclear command center
In what way did ancestral photosynthetic eukaryotes provide an advantage to host cells based on the text?
By acquiring mitochondria-like prokaryotes
What was the probable origin of the eukaryotic nucleus according to the text?
Consuming a nucleus-like prokaryote
What evolutionary event led to the acquisition of mitochondria-like prokaryotes according to the text?
Becoming more aerobic environment on Earth
What does a fossil encased in sedimentary rock without nearby volcanic rock strata indicate?
Difficulty in determining the absolute age because radiometric dating of sedimentary rock is less accurate than igneous rock
What does a sediment core removed from the floor of an inland sea allow researchers to locate and study?
Terrestrial organisms
What does the presence of transitional forms with specialized teeth indicate in the context of fossils?
Progressive specialization in tooth structure
What is the significance of the absence of igneous rocks near a fossil encased in sedimentary rock for absolute age determination?
Decreased accuracy due to lack of reference points from igneous rocks
Why is radiometric dating of sedimentary rocks considered less accurate than that of igneous rocks?
Inherent inaccuracies in sedimentary rock dating methods
What challenge arises when trying to determine the absolute age of a fossil lacking nearby volcanic rock strata?
'Resetting' of radioisotopes by heat from volcanic rocks
Test your knowledge on the Cambrian explosion, early animal colonization, and characteristics expected in the first animals to have colonized land. This quiz is based on Bloom's Taxonomy under the section 25.3.
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