Cambrian Explosion and Early Animal Colonization Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which core in the figure above has the most accurate arrangement of fossils based on the information provided?

  • core C
  • core D
  • core A (correct)
  • core B

    • What factor most likely caused animals and plants in India to differ greatly from species in nearby southeast Asia?

  • The climates of the two regions are similar.
  • India is in the process of separating from the rest of Asia.
  • Life in India was wiped out by ancient volcanic eruptions.
  • India was a separate continent until 45 million years ago. (correct)

    • What concept explains the evolution of complex eyes according to the text?

  • Through evolutionary history, eyes lose function of vision.
  • Complex eyes evolved through a series of steps that benefited the eyes. (correct)
  • Mollusc eye's evolution was dependent on vertebrate eye evolution.
  • Mollusc eyes evolved from a different ancestor than vertebrate eyes.

    • How does continental drift explain the uniqueness of Australian fauna?

    <p>The subsequent separation of southern continents formed an island of marsupials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the fossil record primarily show about the organisms that lived on earth?

    <p>Bias towards organisms with hard shells and skeletons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is considered the most accurate for measuring the age of a fossil?

    <p>Radiometric dating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organism would be most likely to form a fossil?

    <p>A common squirrel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species would be least likely to appear in the fossil record?

    <p>Desert-dwelling species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a fossil has 1/16 of the normal proportion of carbon-14 to carbon-12, approximately how old is it?

    <p>22,900 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event does the Cambrian explosion mark in the fossil record?

    <p>The appearance of filter-feeding animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic expected in the first animals to have colonized land?

    <p>Animals had lobe-finned fishes as ancestors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a sediment core from an inland sea aim to study?

    <p>Terrestrial organisms fossilized in the core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which taxonomy level does the question about the first animals to have colonized land primarily test?

    <p>Application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mitochondria in the evolution of eukaryotes according to the text?

    <p>To convert oxygen into energy for heterotrophic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the top of a sediment core from an inland sea represent?

    <p>The most recent strata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process was favored by natural selection according to the text?

    <p>Converting carbon dioxide into sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main evidence presented against the claim that only microorganisms are found in geological strata older than the Cambrian explosion?

    <p>The presence of filter-feeding animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells based on the text?

    <p>Advantage of acquiring a nuclear command center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did ancestral photosynthetic eukaryotes provide an advantage to host cells based on the text?

    <p>By acquiring mitochondria-like prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the probable origin of the eukaryotic nucleus according to the text?

    <p>Consuming a nucleus-like prokaryote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary event led to the acquisition of mitochondria-like prokaryotes according to the text?

    <p>Becoming more aerobic environment on Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a fossil encased in sedimentary rock without nearby volcanic rock strata indicate?

    <p>Difficulty in determining the absolute age because radiometric dating of sedimentary rock is less accurate than igneous rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a sediment core removed from the floor of an inland sea allow researchers to locate and study?

    <p>Terrestrial organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of transitional forms with specialized teeth indicate in the context of fossils?

    <p>Progressive specialization in tooth structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the absence of igneous rocks near a fossil encased in sedimentary rock for absolute age determination?

    <p>Decreased accuracy due to lack of reference points from igneous rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is radiometric dating of sedimentary rocks considered less accurate than that of igneous rocks?

    <p>Inherent inaccuracies in sedimentary rock dating methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge arises when trying to determine the absolute age of a fossil lacking nearby volcanic rock strata?

    <p>'Resetting' of radioisotopes by heat from volcanic rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

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