English Grammar Modal Verbs and Auxiliaries Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the emphatic auxiliary DO co-occur with in sentences?

  • Interrogative structures
  • Affirmative adverbs
  • Negative expressions (correct)
  • Imperative modalities

    • In which situation does DO appear in the main clause?

  • In a positive statement
  • With affirmative imperatives
  • Contrasting with a preceding concessive clause (correct)
  • When in a question format

    • What type of sentences allow the insertion of 'so' that triggers subject-modal inversion?

  • Interrogative sentences
  • Coordinate clauses (correct)
  • Negative sentences
  • Affirmative statements

    • Which of the following modal verbs does not have a past form?

    <p>Must</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of periphrastic modal verbs compared to pure modals?

    <p>They supply forms missing in the tense paradigm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicates emphatic affirmation?

    <p>Using the emphatic modal 'shall'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about negative sentences is correct?

    <p>The negator can attach to the modal in various forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the periphrastic equivalent of the modal verb 'must'?

    <p>Have to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which predicative adjective can only combine with a human male NP-subject?

    <p>Handsome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following adjectives cannot be used as attributes?

    <p>Alike</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of NP-subject does the predicative adjective 'regretful' require?

    <p>Non-specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which derived predicative adjective is formed from a past participle?

    <p>Disappointed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the copulative verb 'be' in a sentence?

    <p>To link the subject to the predicative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which set of adjectives derives from verbs and requires an obligatory preposition?

    <p>Fond of, averse to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a semantically empty copulative verb?

    <p>Be</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of copulative verb is described as expressing a change of state?

    <p>Change of state copulative verbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which predicative adjective allows for a complement clause?

    <p>Afraid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-derived predicative adjective?

    <p>Akin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the copulative verb 'be' indicate besides linking the subject and predicative?

    <p>Agreement with the subject NP in person and number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adjective indicates a state or condition, prefixed by 'a-'?

    <p>Afraid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following verbs is not considered a linking verb?

    <p>Play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these describes the role of various linking verbs like 'seem' and 'appear'?

    <p>They reflect the subject's sensory perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of predicative is specifically realized by a noun phrase?

    <p>Nominal predicative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sentence correctly demonstrates the use of a linking verb?

    <p>He looks tired after the marathon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following verbs can only occur in the double object construction?

    <p>cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of object do complex transitive verbs require in addition to a direct object?

    <p>Prepositional Object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario can the adverbial of place be promoted to object position?

    <p>With verbs indicating a decrease or increase of substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following verbs is considered a verb of communication?

    <p>accuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure describes the relationship where the phrase functioning as predicative describes the result of the action?

    <p>Resultative construction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following verbs cannot occur in the oblique object construction?

    <p>gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a causative verb?

    <p>appoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes transitive verbs requiring an adverbial modifier?

    <p>They result in a meaningful change of position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of verb expresses symmetric or asymmetric relations between arguments?

    <p>Relational verbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of psychological verbs?

    <p>They convey emotions or states of mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of causative verb?

    <p>Reciprocal causatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which verb would be classified as a psychological verb that always takes an EXPERIENCER?

    <p>Love</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates periphrastic causatives from other types of causatives?

    <p>They have a very general causative meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example illustrates a lexical causative transformation from intransitive to transitive?

    <p>Cause to rise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes prepositional reflexive verbs?

    <p>They occur with obligatory prepositions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following verbs is an example of a reflexive verb with an optional reflexive pronoun?

    <p>To dress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which causative verb implies a sense of compulsion along with its causative meaning?

    <p>Get</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do complex intransitive verbs function?

    <p>They consist of a subject and a prepositional object or adverbial modifier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of causative verbs does the causation imply two participants: a causer and an affected entity?

    <p>Periphrastic causative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of verbs demonstrates the concept of phrasal intransitive verbs?

    <p>To do away with, to look forward to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the passivization of prepositional intransitive verbs?

    <p>The agentive subject becomes a by-NP and may be omitted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes reflexive verbs that are followed by a preposition and a reflexive pronoun?

    <p>They represent a subgroup of intransitive reflexive verbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is true about inherent reflexive verbs?

    <p>They often include a prepositional phrase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between prepositional reflexive verbs and prepositional transitive verbs?

    <p>Prepositional reflexive verbs require a reflexive pronoun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Argument Structure and Thematic Structure

    • The semantic structure of a sentence is crucial for understanding its constituents.
    • Every predicate needs a specific number of constituents to create a meaningful sentence.
    • Obligatory constituents are called arguments, while optional constituents are called adjuncts.
    • Two-place predicates require two arguments (e.g., subject and object).
    • Ditransitive verbs (e.g., give) are three-place predicates.
    • Intransitive verbs (e.g., sneeze) are one-place predicates.

    Thematic Structure

    • Predicates have an argument structure that determines obligatory elements.
    • Speakers understand a verb's meaning, including the number of participants involved.
    • Participants are minimally involved in an activity or state.
    • Thematic roles (e.g., agent, patient, theme) describe how participants relate to the verb.

    Syntactic Properties of Auxiliary Verbs

    • Auxiliary verbs (HAVE and BE) play a role in negation, inversion, coda, and emphasis.
    • Negative sentences place the negative marker not after the auxiliary.
    • Contracted not (e.g., n't) attaches directly to the auxiliary.
    • In yes-no questions, auxiliary verbs are inverted with the subject.
    • Wh-questions show inversion unless the question is directed at the subject.
    • Coda (or short answers) use the auxiliary verb to replace the entire predicate.

    Properties of Auxiliary DO

    • DO is an auxiliary verb that helps lexical verbs in syntactic processes
    • Negation: creates negative sentences from affirmative ones by inserting DO and not.
    • Inversion: inverted with the subject in yes-no questions, wh-questions, and tag questions.
    • Coda: DO replaces repeated material in coordinate clauses.
    • Emphasis: Stress on DO is used in emphatic statements.

    Periphrastic Modals

    • Periphrastic modal verbs (e.g., have to, be able to) share meaning with pure modals but have different grammatical features.
    • They 'supply' missing forms in a modal verb's tense paradigm.
    • Periphrastic 'HAVE TO' often uses DO-support in interrogative and negative sentences.
    • A copulative predicate consists of a link verb and a predicative (adjectival or nominal).
    • The link verb 'BE' connects the subject to the predicative.
    • Semantically poor verbs (e.g., become, get) sometimes function as link verbs.

    Types of Intransitive Verbs

    • Simple intransitive verbs have only a subject.
    • Complex intransitive verbs have a subject plus either a prepositional object or an adverbial modifier.
    • Ergative verbs are intransitive verbs with a patient subject that have transitive counterparts with a causative meaning.
    • Reflexive verbs take a reflexive pronoun.

    Types of Transitive Verbs

    • Monotransitive verbs take a single direct object.
    • Ditransitive verbs take a direct object and an indirect object.
    • Complex transitive verbs take a direct object and another syntactic element (e.g., prepositional object, adverbial modifier, predicative).

    Causative Verbs

    • Causative verbs express direct causation of an event.
    • They have a causer and an affected or effected entity.
    • Causative verbs can be periphrastic, lexical, or morphological.

    The Adjectival Predicative

    • The adjectival predicative is expressed by an adjective phrase.
    • Adjectives used predicatively can be non-derived or derived, deverbal or denominal.

    The Nominal Predicative

    • Nominal predicatives are expressed by noun phrases, prepositional phrases, or clauses.
    • These often express an attitude or condition of the subject.

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    Argument Structure and Thematic Structure PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of modal verbs, auxiliary verbs, and their functions in English grammar. Explore intricate details such as emphatic forms, periphrastic constructions, and the rules governing negative sentences. This quiz is designed for advanced learners looking to deepen their grammatical knowledge.

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