English Grammar Basics

Grammar

• Present simple tense: used to describe habits, routines, and universal truths
  • Formation: subject + verb (base form)
  • Examples: I go to school, She eats breakfast at 8am
• Present continuous tense: used to describe actions in progress
  • Formation: subject + is/am/are + verb (ing form)
  • Examples: I am studying English, They are playing football
• Basic sentence structures:
  • Statement: Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)
  • Question: Aux. Verb + Subject + Verb + Object
  • Negative sentence: Subject + do/does not + Verb

Vocabulary

• Common topics: family, friends, hobbies, food, travel, daily routines
• Basic vocabulary:
  • Introductions: What's your name?, Where are you from?
  • Greetings: Hello, Goodbye, Good morning
  • Emotions: happy, sad, angry, surprised
  • Food: breakfast, lunch, dinner, fruits, vegetables
• Word formation:
  • Plurals: cat -> cats, dog -> dogs
  • Possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its

Listening Exercises

• Types of listening exercises:
  • Multiple choice: choose the correct answer
  • Short answers: write a short answer to a question
  • Sentence completion: complete a sentence with the correct word
• Tips for listening exercises:
  • Listen carefully to the audio
  • Focus on the main idea and key words
  • Don't worry if you don't understand every word

Writing Skills

• Writing formats:
  • Short paragraphs (5-7 sentences)
  • Filling in the blanks
  • Writing a short message or email
• Writing tips:
  • Use simple sentence structures and vocabulary
  • Focus on the topic and main idea
  • Use basic punctuation and capitalization

Reading Comprehension

• Types of texts:
  • Short articles
  • Notices and signs
  • Short stories
• Reading strategies:
  • Skim the text to understand the main idea
  • Focus on key words and phrases
  • Use context to understand unknown vocabulary

Grammar

• Present simple tense is used to describe habits, routines, and universal truths
• Formation of present simple tense is subject + verb (base form)
• Examples of present simple tense include: I go to school, She eats breakfast at 8am
• Present continuous tense is used to describe actions in progress
• Formation of present continuous tense is subject + is/am/are + verb (ing form)
• Examples of present continuous tense include: I am studying English, They are playing football
• Basic sentence structures include:
  • Statement: Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)
  • Question: Aux.Verb + Subject + Verb + Object
  • Negative sentence: Subject + do/does not + Verb

Vocabulary

• Common topics include family, friends, hobbies, food, travel, and daily routines
• Basic vocabulary includes:
  • Introductions: What's your name?, Where are you from?
  • Greetings: Hello, Goodbye, Good morning
  • Emotions: happy, sad, angry, surprised
  • Food: breakfast, lunch, dinner, fruits, vegetables
• Word formation includes:
  • Plurals: cat -> cats, dog -> dogs
  • Possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its

Listening Exercises

• Types of listening exercises include:
  • Multiple choice: choose the correct answer
  • Short answers: write a short answer to a question
  • Sentence completion: complete a sentence with the correct word
• Tips for listening exercises include:
  • Listen carefully to the audio
  • Focus on the main idea and key words
  • Don't worry if you don't understand every word

Writing Skills

• Writing formats include:
  • Short paragraphs (5-7 sentences)
  • Filling in the blanks
  • Writing a short message or email
• Writing tips include:
  • Use simple sentence structures and vocabulary
  • Focus on the topic and main idea
  • Use basic punctuation and capitalization

Reading Comprehension

• Types of texts include:
  • Short articles
  • Notices and signs
  • Short stories
• Reading strategies include:
  • Skim the text to understand the main idea
  • Focus on key words and phrases
  • Use context to understand unknown vocabulary