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Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors does NOT influence energy needs?
What is the minimum energy required to sustain life known as?
Which condition is NOT necessary for measuring basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
What does RMR represent in relation to BMR?
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Which of the following indicates an increase in energy requirements?
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When should conditions for BMR measurement NOT include being ideally in a thermoneutral environment?
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Which component makes up the total energy expenditure in resting metabolic rate (RMR)?
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What role does Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) play in energy expenditure?
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Study Notes
Energy Requirements
- Energy requirement is the amount of energy needed to sustain life and maintain health.
- Factors affecting energy needs include: age, gender, height, body weight, and physical activity level.
- Increased energy needs are required during childhood, pregnancy, lactation, illness, injury, and stress.
Components of Energy Expenditure
- Energy expenditure refers to the amount of energy a person burns throughout the day.
- There are three main components of energy expenditure:
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
- Thermic effect of food (TEF)
- Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
- BMR represents the minimum energy required to sustain life at rest.
- Conditions for measuring BMR include:
- Thermoneutral environment (26-30°C room temperature)
- Before starting any physical activity (preferably when waking up from sleep)
- 10-12 hours after food/drink/nicotine
Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
- RMR is measured at any time of the day at a moment of 'absolute rest'.
- RMR is higher than BMR because it includes the thermic effect of food.
- Conditions for measuring RMR are less strict than BMR.
- RMR doesn't require a 12-hour fast after a meal.
Body Weight
- Body weight is an indicator of energy sufficiency or insufficiency.
- Adequate macro-micro nutrients intake is crucial for optimal body weight management.
Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)
- TEF is the energy required to digest, absorb, and process food.
- TEF contributes around 10% of total daily energy expenditure.
Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT)
- NEAT refers to the energy expended in all activities outside of exercise.
- It includes daily activities like walking, standing, fidgeting, and housework.
- NEAT contributes around 15-30% of total daily energy expenditure.
- Exercise is a controllable variable impacting energy expenditure, making NEAT a crucial factor in managing energy balance.
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Description
Test your knowledge on energy requirements essential for sustaining life and maintaining health. This quiz covers factors influencing energy needs, components of energy expenditure, and the details of basal and resting metabolic rates. Perfect for students interested in nutrition and health sciences.
